changed: version of the library: 0.9.0 now

git-svn-id: svn://ttmath.org/publicrep/ttmath/trunk@251 e52654a7-88a9-db11-a3e9-0013d4bc506e

CHANGELOG

@@ -1,11 +1,392 @@
+Version 0.9.0 (2009.11.25):
+    * added:   support for wide characters (wchar_t, std::wstring)
+    * added:   Big::IsInteger()
+               returns true if the value is integer (without fraction)
+               (NaN flag is not checked)
+    * added:   global Gamma() function
+    * added:   gamma() function to the parser
+    * added:   CGamma<ValueType> class
+               is used with Gamma() and Factorial() in multithreaded environment
+    * added:   multithread support for Big<> class
+               you should compile with TTMATH_MULTITHREADS
+               and use TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER macro somewhere in your *.cpp file
+    * added:   x86_64 asm code for Microsoft Visual compiler
+               file: ttmathuint_x86_64_msvc.asm
+               (this file should be compiled first because MS VC doesn't support inline assembler in x86_64 mode) 
+    * added:   flag TTMATH_BIG_ZERO to Big<> class
+               if this flag is set then there is a value zero
+               Big::IsZero() is faster now
+    * added:   Big::ClearInfoBit(unsigned char)
+               Big::SetInfoBit(unsigned char)
+               Big::IsInfoBit(unsigned char)
+               some methods for manipulating the info flags
+    * added:   macro: TTMATH_BITS(min_bits)
+		       which returns the number of machine words 
+		       capable to hold min_bits bits
+    * added:   bool Parser::Calculated()
+               this method returns true is something was calculated
+               (at least one mathematical operator was used or a function or variable)
+    * added:   to the parser: operator percentage
+               e.g. 1000-50%=1000-(1000*0,5)=500
+    * added:   struct: Conv
+               consists of some parameters used
+               in ToString() and FromString()
+    * added:   Big::ToString() can group digits
+               e.g. 1234567 -> 1`234`567
+    * added:   Parser::SetGroup(int g)
+               Parser::SetComma(int c, int c2 = 0)
+               Parser::SetParamSep(int s)
+    * added:   std::string  UInt::ToString(uint b = 10)
+               std::wstring UInt::ToWString(uint b = 10)
+               std::string  Int::ToString(uint b = 10)
+               std::wstring Int::ToWString(uint b = 10)
+               uint         Big::ToString(std::string & result, const Conv & conv)
+               uint         Big::ToString(std::wstring & result, const Conv & conv)
+               std::string  Big::ToString(const Conv & conv)
+               std::string  Big::ToString()
+               std::wstring Big::ToWString(const Conv & conv)
+               std::wstring Big::ToWString()
+    * added:   uint FromString(const char * source, const Conv & conv, const char **, bool *)
+               uint FromString(const wchar_t * source, const Conv & conv, const wchar_t **, bool *)
+               uint FromString(const std::string & string, const Conv & conv, const wchar_t **, bool *)
+               uint FromString(const std::wstring & string, const Conv & conv, const wchar_t **, bool *)
+    * added:   UInt::Sqrt() - a new algorithm for calculating the square root
+    * added:   to the parser: function frac() - returns a value without the integer part
+               (only fraction remains)
+    * added:   Int::DivInt(sint divisor, sint * remainder)
+    * added:   const char * UInt::LibTypeStr()
+               const char * Big::LibTypeStr()
+               LibTypeCode UInt::LibType()
+               LibTypeCode Big::LibType()
+               returning a string/enum represents the currect type of the library
+               we have following types:
+                   asm_vc_32   - with asm code designed for Microsoft Visual C++ (32 bits)
+                   asm_gcc_32  - with asm code designed for GCC (32 bits)
+                   asm_vc_64   - with asm for VC (64 bit)
+                   asm_gcc_64  - with asm for GCC (64 bit)
+                   no_asm_32   - pure C++ version (32 bit) - without any asm code
+                   no_asm_64   - pure C++ version (64 bit) - without any asm code
+    * added:   UInt::operator>>(int)
+               UInt::operator>>=(int)
+               UInt::operator<<(int)
+               UInt::operator<<=(int)
+    * changed: Factorial() is using the Gamma() function now
+    * changed: Big::Div(ss2)
+               Big::Mod(ss2)
+               they return 2 when ss2 is zero
+               previously returned 1
+    * changed: algorithms in Big::Sqrt() and ttmath::Root(x ; n)
+               they were not too much accurate for some integers
+               e.g. Root(16;4) returned a value very closed to 2 (not exactly 2)
+    * changed: added specializations to Big::ToString() when the base is equal 4, 8 or 16
+               the previous version was not accurate on some last digits (after the comma operator)
+               consider this binary value (32 bit mantissa):
+               base 2: 1.1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1110 101
+               previous ToString() gave:
+                  base 4:  1.33333333333332
+                  base 8:  1.777777777
+                  base 16: 1.FFFFFF
+               now we have:
+                  base 4:  1.3333333333333222
+                  base 8:  1.77777777724
+                  base 16: 1.FFFFFFEA
+    * changed: in Big::ToString() some additional rounding (base_round) is now made only 
+               when the value is not an integer
+    * changed: another compilers than MS VC or GCC by default use no asm version (TTMATH_NOASM)
+    * removed: Parser<>::SetFactorialMax() method
+               the factorial() is such a fast now that we don't need the method longer
+    * removed: ErrorCode::err_too_big_factorial
+    * removed: macros: TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_1 and TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_2
+               the comma characters we have in Conv struct now
+               
+
+Version 0.8.6 (2009.10.25):
+    * fixed:   UInt::SetBitInWord(uint & value, uint bit) set 1 if the bit was
+               equal 1 (should be set 2)
+               this affected only no-asm parts - when macro TTMATH_NOASM was defined
+    * fixed:   UInt<value_size>::MulInt(uint ss2)
+               there was a buffer overflow when value_size was equal 1
+    * fixed:   UInt::AddVector() and UInt::SubVector() didn't want to compile
+               when macro TTMATH_NOASM was defined
+    * fixed:   Big::operator>> didn't correctly recognize values in scientific mode (with 'e' character)
+    * fixed:   Int::FromString(const tt_string & s, uint b = 10)
+               didn't use 'b' (always was '10')
+    * fixed:   buffer overflow in Big::ToInt(Int<int_size> & result)
+    * fixed:   powering algorithm in:
+               UInt::Pow(UInt<value_size> pow)
+               Big::Pow(UInt<pow_size> pow)
+               Big::PowUInt(Big<exp, man> pow)
+               when 'pow' was sufficient large the algorithm returned carry
+               but the result could have been calculated correctly
+
+
+Version 0.8.5 (2009.06.16):
+    * fixed:   Big::Mod(x) didn't correctly return a carry
+               and the result was sometimes very big (even greater than x)
+    * fixed:   global function Mod(x) didn't set an ErrorCode object
+    * fixed:   global function Round() didn't test a carry
+               now it sets ErrorCode object
+    * changed: function Sin(x) to Sin(x, ErrorCode * err=0)
+               when x was very big the function returns zero
+               now it sets ErrorCode object to err_overflow
+               and the result has a NaN flag set
+               the same is to Cos() function
+    * changed: PrepareSin(x) is using Big::Mod() now when reducing 2PI period
+               should be a little accurate especially on a very big 'x'
+    * changed: uint Mul(const UInt<value_size> & ss2, uint algorithm = 100)
+               void MulBig(const UInt<value_size> & ss2, UInt<value_size*2> & result, uint algorithm = 100)
+               those methods by default use MulFastest() and MulFastestBig()
+    * changed: changed a little Mul2Big() to cooperate with Mul3Big()
+    * added:   uint UInt::Mul3(const UInt<value_size> & ss2)
+               void UInt::Mul3Big(const UInt<value_size> & ss2, UInt<value_size*2> & result)
+               a new multiplication algorithm: Karatsuba multiplication,
+               on a vector UInt<100> with all items different from zero this algorithm is faster
+               about 3 times than Mul2Big(), and on a vector UInt<1000> with all items different from
+               zero this algorithm is faster more than 5 times than Mul2Big()
+               (measured on 32bit platform with GCC 4.3.3 with -O3 and -DTTMATH_RELEASE)
+    * added:   uint MulFastest(const UInt<value_size> & ss2)
+               void MulFastestBig(const UInt<value_size> & ss2, UInt<value_size*2> & result)
+               those methods are trying to select the fastest multiplication algorithm
+    * added:   uint AddVector(const uint * ss1, const uint * ss2, uint ss1_size, uint ss2_size, uint * result)
+               uint SubVector(const uint * ss1, const uint * ss2, uint ss1_size, uint ss2_size, uint * result)
+               three forms: asm x86, asm x86_64, no-asm
+               those methods are used by the Karatsuba multiplication algorithm
+    * added:   to Big<> class: support for NaN flag (Not a Number)
+               bool Big::IsNan() - returns true if the NaN flag is set
+               void Big::SetNan() - sets the NaN flag
+               The NaN flag is set by default after creating an object:
+                 Big<1, 2> a;    // NaN is set (it means the object has not a valid number)
+                 std::cout << a; // cout gives "NaN"
+                 a = 123;        // now NaN is not set
+                 std::cout << a; // cout gives "123"
+               The NaN is set if there was a carry during calculations
+                 a.Mul(very_big_value); // a will have a NaN set
+               The NaN is set if an argument is NaN too
+                 b.SetNan();
+                 a.Add(b);  // a will have NaN because b has NaN too
+               If you try to do something on a NaN object, the result is a NaN too
+                 a.SetNan();
+                 a.Add(2);  // a is still a NaN 
+               The NaN is set if you use incorrect arguments
+                 a.Ln(-10); // a will have the NaN flag
+               The only way to clear the NaN flag is to assign a correct value or other correct object,
+               supposing 'a' has NaN flag, to remove the flag you can either:
+                 a = 10;
+                 a.FromInt(30);
+                 a.SetOne(); 
+                 a.FromBig(other_object_without_nan);
+                 etc.
+               
+               
+Version 0.8.4 (2009.05.08):
+    * fixed:   UInt::DivInt() didn't check whether the divisor is zero
+               there was a hardware interruption when the divisor was zero
+               (now the method returns one)
+    * fixed:   the problem with GCC optimization on x86_64
+               sometimes when using -O2 or -O3 GCC doesn't set correctly
+               the stack pointer (actually the stack is used for other things)
+               and you can't use instructions like push/pop in assembler code.
+               All the asm code in x86_64 have been rewritten, now instructions
+               push/pop are not used, other thing which have access to stack 
+               (like "m" (mask) constraints in Rcl2 and Rcr2) have also gone away,
+               now the library works well with -O2 and -O3 and the asm code
+               is a little faster
+    * added:   UInt::PrintLog(const char * msg, std::ostream & output)
+               used (for debugging purposes) by macro TTMATH_LOG(msg)
+               (it is used in nearly all methods in UInt class)
+    * added:   macro TTMATH_DEBUG_LOG: when defined then TTMATH_LOG() 
+               put some debug information (to std::cout)
+    * added:   ttmathuint_x86.h, ttmathuint_x86_64.h, ttmathuint_noasm.h, 
+               all the methods which are using assembler code have been 
+               rewritten to no-asm forms, now we have:
+               1. asm for x86      file: ttmathuint_x86.h
+               2. asm for x86_64   file: ttmathuint_x86_64.h
+               3. no asm           file: ttmathuint_noasm.h
+                  (it's used when macro TTMATH_NOASM is defined)
+               The third form can be used on x86 and x86_64 as well and
+               on other platforms with a little effort.
+                              
+
+Version 0.8.3 (2009.04.06):
+    * fixed:   RclMoveAllWords() and RcrMoveAllWords() sometimes didn't return
+               the proper carry, (when 'bits' was greater than or equal to 'value_size')
+               this had impact on Rcl() and Rcr(), they also returned the wrong carry	
+    * fixed:   UInt::Div() didn't return a correct result when the divisor was equal 1
+               there was an error in UInt::DivInt() - when the divisor was 1 it returned
+               zero and the carry was set
+    * fixed:   there was a TTMATH_REREFENCE_ASSERT error in Big::PowUInt() caused by: start.Mul(start)
+    * fixed:   Big::Add incorrectly rounded 'this' when both exponents were equal
+               it caused that sometimes when adding a zero the result has changed
+               this had impact among other things on FromString() method
+               "0,8" had different binary representation from "0,80"
+    * fixed:   template Big::FromBig(const Big<another_exp, another_man> & another)
+               didn't correctly set the exponent (when the mantisses had different size -
+               when 'man' was different from 'another_man')
+               this had impact on operator= too
+               sample:
+               Big<2,3> a = 100;
+               Big<3,5> b;
+               b = a; // b had a wrong value
+    * fixed:   Big::Pow(const Big<exp, man> & pow)
+               it's using PowInt() only when pow.exponent is in range (-man*TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT; 0]
+               previously the powering 'hung' on an input like this: "(1+ 1e-10000) ^ 10e100000000"
+               (there was 10e100000000 iterations in PowInt())
+    * fixed:   in function DegToRad(const ValueType & x, ErrorCode * err = 0) it is better
+               to make division first and then mutliplication -- the result is more
+               accurate especially when x is: 90,180,270 or 360
+    * fixed:   the parser didn't correctly treat operators for changing the base
+               (radix) -- operators '#' and '&', e.g.:
+               '#sin(1)' was equal '0' -- there was a zero from '#' and then
+               it was multipied by 'sin(1)'
+               the parser didn't check whether Big::FromString() has actually
+               read a proper value -- the method Big::FromString() didn't have
+               something to report such a situation
+    * fixed:   Big::FromString() when the base is 10, the method reads the scientific
+               part only if such a part it correctly supplied, e.g:
+               '1234e10', '1234e+10', '1234e-5'
+               previous '1234e' was treated as: '1234e0' (now parsing stops on 'e' and
+               the 'e' can be parsed by other parsers, e.g. the mathematical
+               parser -- now in the parser would be: '1234e' = '1234 * e' = '3354,3597...' )
+    * changed: renamed: Big::PowUInt(UInt<pow_size> pow) -> Big::Pow(UInt<pow_size> pow)
+               it returns 2 when there is: 0^0
+    * changed: renamed: Big::PowInt(Int<pow_size> pow) -> Big::Pow(Int<pow_size> pow)
+               it returns 2 when there is: 0^0 or 0^(-something)
+    * changed: renamed: Big::PowBUInt() -> PowUInt(), Big::PowBInt() -> Big::PowInt()
+               they return 2 when the arguments are incorrect (like above)
+    * changed: UInt::SetBitInWord(uint & value, uint bit) is taking the first argument by a reference now,
+               the specific bit is set in the 'value' and the method returns the last state of the bit (zero or one)
+    * changed: UInt::SetBit(uint bit_index) - it's using TTMATH_ASSERT now
+    * changed: the size of built-in variables (constants) in ttmathbig.h
+               now they consist of 256 32bit words
+               macro TTMATH_BUILTIN_VARIABLES_SIZE is equal: 256u on a 32bit platform and 128ul on a 64bit platform
+    * changed: the asm code in ttmathuint.h and ttmathuint64.h has been completely rewritten
+               now UInt<> is faster about 15-30% than UInt<> from 0.8.2
+               this has impact on Big<> too - it's faster about 10% now
+    * changed: in the parser: the form with operators '#' and '&' is as follows:
+               [-|+][#|&]numeric_value
+               previous was: [-|+][#|&][-|+]numeric_value
+    * changed: in the parser: the short form of multiplication has the same
+               priority as the normal multiplication, e.g.:
+               '2x^3' = 2 * (x^3)
+               previous the priority was greater than powering priority
+               previous: '2x^3' = (2*x) ^ 3
+    * added:   UInt::GetBit(uint bit_index) - returning the state of the specific bit
+    * added:   Big::operator=(double) and Big::Big(double)
+    * added:   UInt::Pow(UInt<value_size> pow) and Int::Pow(Int<value_size> pow)
+    * added:   global template functions in ttmath.h:
+               ValueType GradToRad(const ValueType & x, ErrorCode * err = 0)
+               ValueType RadToGrad(const ValueType & x, ErrorCode * err = 0)
+               ValueType DegToGrad(const ValueType & x, ErrorCode * err = 0)
+               ValueType DegToGrad(const ValueType & d, const ValueType & m,
+                                   const ValueType & s, ErrorCode * err = 0)
+               ValueType GradToDeg(const ValueType & x, ErrorCode * err = 0)
+    * added:   Parser::SetDegRadGrad(int angle) - 0 deg, 1 rad (default), 2 grad
+               this affects following functions (in the parser only): sin, cos, tan, cot,
+               asin, acos, atan, acot
+    * added:   functions to the parser: gradtorad(grad), radtograd(rad), degtograd(deg),
+               degtograd(d,m,s), gradtodeg(grad)
+    * added:   UInt::FromString, added a parametr 'after_source'
+               which is pointing at the end of the parsed string
+    * added:   Int::FromString(): parameter 'const char ** after_source = 0'
+               if exists it's pointing at the end of the parsed string
+    * added:   to UInt::FromString(), Int::FromString(), Big::FromString():
+               parameter 'bool * value_read = 0' - (if exists) tells
+               whether something has actually been read (at least one digit)
+    * added:   Objects::IsDefined(const std::string & name)
+               returning true if such an object is defined
+    * removed: Big::FromString() this method doesn't longer recognize operators
+               for changing the base ('#' and '&')
+
+
+Version 0.8.2 (2008.06.18):
+    * added:   UInt::BitNot2() this method has been proposed by
+               Arek <kmicicc AnTispam users.sourceforge.net>
+    * changed: Int::FromInt(const Int<argument_size> & p), 
+               Int::FromInt(sint value) (it returns zero now)
+               Int::operator=(uint i)
+               Int::Int(uint i)
+    * added:   Int::FromUInt(const UInt<argument_size> & p),
+               Int::FromUInt(uint value)
+               and appropriate constructors and assignment 
+               operators as well
+    * changed: Big::FromInt(Int<int_size> value),
+    * added:   Big::FromUInt(UInt<int_size> value),
+               Big::operator=(const UInt<int_size> & value)
+               Big::Big(const UInt<int_size> & value)
+    * changed: the parser is allowed to recognize values which
+               begin with a dot, e.g '.5' is treated as '0.5'
+    * added:   a method Big::FromDouble(double) which converts from
+               standard double into a Big
+    * added:   uint Big::ToDouble(double&) - converting into double
+    * added:   Big::FromBig() and an operator= and a contructor
+               for converting from another kind of a Big class
+    * added:   to the parser: avg(), sum()
+    * added:   'decimal_point' parameter into Big::ToString(...)
+    * fixed:   Big::operator>> didn't use TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_2 macro
+    * added:   a short form of multiplication (without the '*' character)
+               e.g. '5y', (it's used only if the second parameter
+               is a variable or function)
+    * changed: variables and functions are case-sensitive now
+    * added:   variables and functions can have underline characters
+               in their names
+    * changed: 'max_digit_after_comma' in Big::ToString()
+               remove the -2 state
+    * added:   'remove_trailing_zeroes' in Big::ToString()
+               it's either true or false
+    * fixed/changed: the way of using Big::SetSign()
+               the method do not check whether there is a zero or not now
+               (even if there's a zero the method can set a sign bit)
+               I changed this due to some prior errors
+               (errors corrected in revision 17, 49 and 58)
+
+
+Version 0.8.1 (2007.04.17):
+    * fixed:   Big::PowFrac(..) didn't return a correct error code
+               (when 'this' was negative)
+    * added:   Root(x; index) (and to the parser as well)
+    * added:   macro: TTMATH_PRERELEASE_VER (can be either zero or one)
+    * added:   UInt::MulInt(int, UInt<int another_size>::&)
+    * added:   Big::MulUInt(uint)
+    * changed: Big::MulInt(sint)
+    * added:   Big::ToUInt(uint &)
+    * changed: Big::ToInt(sint&)
+    * changed: Factorial() it uses Big::MulUInt() at the beginning
+               (faster now especially more on a 32bit platform)
+    * added:   doxygen.cfg for generating a documentation from the doxygen
+    * changed: UInt::Rcl(uint c=0) and UInt::Rcr(uint c=0) into
+               UInt::Rcl2(uint bits, uint c) and UInt::Rcr2(uint bits, uint c)
+               now they can move more than one bit and they are only private
+    * fixed:   UInt::Rcl(uint bits, uint c) and UInt::Rcr(uint bits, uint c)
+               didn't correctly return a carry if the 'bits' were equal
+               to 'value_size*TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT'
+    * changed: UInt::Rcl(uint bits, uint c) and UInt::Rcr(uint bits, uint c)
+               into UInt::Rcl(uint bits, uint c=0) and
+               UInt::Rcr(uint bits, uint c=0)
+               they are faster now when the bits is greater than a half of
+               the TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT
+    * changed: UInt::CompensationToLeft() it's faster now
+    * changed: more small changes where there were UInt::Rcl(uint c=0) and
+               UInt::Rcr(uint c=0) used
+    * changed: as the Big type uses UInt::Rcl() and UInt::Rcr() a lot then
+               it is much faster now (about 5-25%)
+    * added:   ASinh(), ACosh(), ATanh() /ATgh()/, ACoth() /ACtgh()/
+               and to the parser as well
+    * added:   UInt::BitAnd(), UInt::BitOr(), UInt::BitXor(), UInt::BitNot(),
+               Big::BitAnd(), Big::BitOr(), Big::BitXor()
+    * added:   to the parser: bitand(), bitor(), bitxor()
+               /band(), bor(), bxor()/
+    * changed: the way of parsing operators in the mathematical parser
+               (the parser is not too much greedy now)
+ 
+    
 Version 0.8.0 (2007.03.28):
     * added:   into the parser: SetFactorialMax()
     * added:   DegToDeg(deg, min, sec), DegToRad(deg), DegToRad(deg, min, sec),
                RadToDeg(rad), Ceil(x), Floor(x), Sqrt(x), Sinh(x), Cosh(x),
                Tanh(x) /Tgh(x)/, Coth(x) /Ctgh(x)/
     * changed: class Objects in ttmathobjects.h has been completely rewritten,
-	  we can change the names of user-defined variables or functions, and the
+               we can change the names of user-defined variables or functions,
-	  names are case-sensitive now
+               and the names are case-sensitive now
     * added:   class History which is used in functions which take a lot of time
                during calculating e.g. Factorial(x)
     * added:   Tg(x) a wrapper for Tan(x)
@@ -16,14 +397,14 @@ Version 0.8.0 (2007.03.28):
     * added:   ACtg(x) a wrapper for ACot(x)
     * added:   UInt::PrintTable() (for debugging etc.)
     * changed: the methods Big::SetPi() Big::SetE() and Big::SetLn2() have
-	  been rewritten, now they have 128 32bit words (it's about 1232 valid
+               been rewritten, now they have 128 32bit words (it's about
-	  decimal digits)
+               1232 valid decimal digits)
     * fixed:   previous values from Big::SetPi() Big::SetE() and
                Big::SetLn2() were not too much accurate (last 2-3 words were wrong)
     * added:   Big::SetLn10() (128 32bit words as well)
-	* added: macro: TTMATH_BUILTIN_VARIABLES_SIZE which is equal 128u on
+    * added:   macro TTMATH_BUILTIN_VARIABLES_SIZE which is equal 128u on
                32bit platforms and 64ul on 64bit platforms (128/2=64)
-	* added: macros: TTMATH_PLATFORM32 and TTMATH_PLATFORM64
+    * added:   macros TTMATH_PLATFORM32 and TTMATH_PLATFORM64
     * changed: a small optimisation in UInt::Mul2Big()
     * added:   at the end of ttmath.h: #include "ttmathparser.h"
                this is for convenience for a programmer, he can only use #include
@@ -31,13 +412,14 @@ Version 0.8.0 (2007.03.28):
     * added:   to samples: big.cpp, parser.cpp
     * added/changes/fixed: in copy-constructors and operators= in Int,
                Uint and Big (more info in the commit log)
-	* renamed Big::SetDotOne() into Big::Set05()
+    * renamed: Big::SetDotOne() into Big::Set05()
     * changes: a few small optimisations in Big
     * deleted: the word 'virtual' from destructors: UInt, Int, Big
                (types in this library are not projected to be base-classes for
                another ones derived from them)
     * and more small changes (look at the commit log)    
 
+
 Version 0.7.2 (2007.03.09):
     * added:   Big::Mod - the remainder from a division
     * added:   Big::Sgn - the 'sign' from the value (-1,0,1)
@@ -48,37 +430,42 @@ Version 0.7.2 (2007.03.09):
     * added:   into the parser: logical functions: and() or() not() if()
     * added:   ErrorCode::err_unknown_operator when the parser couldn't read an operator
 
+
 Version 0.7.1 (2007.02.27):
-	* fixed the error 'overflow during printing' which was caused
+    * fixed:   the error 'overflow during printing' which was caused
                by Big::FromInt(Int<int_size> value) (the sign has to be set at the end)
-	* fixed many small errors
+    * fixed:   many small errors
-	* added ATan (arctan), ACTan (arc ctan) functions
+    * added:   ATan (arctan), ACTan (arc ctan) functions
+
 
 Version 0.7.0 (2007.02.24):
-	* finished support for 64bit platforms
+    * finished: support for 64bit platforms
-	* added ASin (arcsin), ACos (arccos) functions
+    * added:   ASin (arcsin), ACos (arccos) functions
+    
     
 Version 0.6.4 (2007.01.29):
-	* fixed the problem with a sign in the mathematical parser /-(1) was 1/
+    * fixed:   the problem with a sign in the mathematical parser /-(1) was 1/
-	* added UInt::AddInt and UInt::SubInt
+    * added:   UInt::AddInt and UInt::SubInt
-	* changed UInt::AddOne and UInt::SubOne (much faster now)
+    * changed: UInt::AddOne and UInt::SubOne (much faster now)
-	* added UInt::SetBitInWord
+    * added:   UInt::SetBitInWord
-	* changed UInt::SetBit (much faster now)
+    * changed: UInt::SetBit (much faster now)
-	* UInt::AddTwoUints renamed to UInt::AddTwoInts
+               UInt::AddTwoUints renamed to UInt::AddTwoInts
-	* UInt::FindLeadingBit32 renamed to UInt::FindLeadingBitInWord
+               UInt::FindLeadingBit32 renamed to UInt::FindLeadingBitInWord
-	* added UInt::SetBitInWord
+               UInt::Mul64 renamed to UInt::MulTwoWords
-	* UInt::Mul64 renamed to UInt::MulTwoWords
+               UInt::Div64 renamed to UInt::DivTwoWords
-	* UInt::Div64 renamed to UInt::DivTwoWords
+    * added:   UInt::SetBitInWord
     * and more small changes in UInt type
     * start adding support for Amd64 (not finished yet) (added ttmathuint64.h)
     
+    
 Version 0.6.3 (2007.01.22):
-	* position of arguments (x and base) in logarithm functions are swapped
+    * changed: position of arguments (x and base) in logarithm functions are swapped
-	* it's possible to use any multiplication algorithms in the same time
+    * changed: it's possible to use any multiplication algorithms in the same time
                (macros UINT_MUL_VERSION_'X' have gone)
-	* added ExceptionInfo, ReferenceError and RuntimeError classes
+    * added:   ExceptionInfo, ReferenceError and RuntimeError classes
-	* the mess in macros has been cleaned up
+    * changed: the mess in macros has been cleaned up
-	* added TTMATH_RELEASE macro
+    * added:   TTMATH_RELEASE macro
+
 
 Version 0.6.2 (2007.01.10):
-	* New division algorithm (radix b) where b is 2^32
+    * added:   New division algorithm (radix b) where b is 2^32

COPYRIGHT

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2006-2007, Tomasz Sowa
+Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
 All rights reserved.
 
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

README

@@ -1,24 +1,23 @@
-TTMath - a bignum library for C++
+A bignum library for C++
 
 TTMath is a small library which allows one to perform arithmetic operations
-with big unsigned integer, big signed integer and big floating point
+with big unsigned integer, big signed integer and big floating point numbers.
-numbers. It provides standard mathematical operations like adding,
+It provides standard mathematical operations like adding, subtracting,
-subtracting, multiplying, dividing etc. With the library also goes
+multiplying, dividing. With the library also goes a mathematical parser to
-a mathematical parser which helps you solving input formulas read directly
+help you solving mathematical expressions.
-from a user.
 
-TTMath is developed under the (new) BSD licence which means that it is free
+TTMath is developed under the BSD licence which means that it is free for
-for both personal and commercial use but the library has some technical
+both personal and commercial use.
-limitations: you can use it only on i386 and Amd64, another platforms are
-not supported (Intel 64bit platforms were not tested but should work as
-well), and you can use this library only with the C++ programming language. 
 
 The main goal of the library is to allow one to use big values in the same
-way as the standard types like int, float, etc. It does not need to be
+way as the standard types like int or float. It does not need to be compiled
-compiled first because the whole library is written as the C++ templates.
+first because the whole library is written as the C++ templates. This means
-This means only C++ developers can use this library and one thing they have
+only C++ developers can use this library and one thing they have to do is
-to do is to use  'include' directive of the preprocessor. How big the
+to use 'include' directive of the preprocessor. How big the values can be
-values can be is set directly in the source code by the programmer.
+is set at compile time.
 
-Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa AnTispam slimaczek.pl>
+Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@ttmath.org>
-Home page: http://sourceforge.net/projects/ttmath
+WWW:    http://www.ttmath.org
+
+Contributors:
+Christian Kaiser <chk@online.de>

TODO

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-TODO TTMath Library
-===================
-
-* Add bitwise operators (or functions) and, or, xor
-* Add functions for generating random values
-
-

constgen/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+o      = main.o
+CC     = g++
+CFLAGS = -s -O2 -DTTMATH_CONSTANTSGENERATOR
+name   = gen
+
+
+.SUFFIXES: .cpp .o
+
+.cpp.o:
+	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $<
+
+
+all: $(name)
+
+$(name): $(o)
+	$(CC) -o $(name) $(CFLAGS) $(o)
+
+
+
+main.o: main.cpp
+
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o
+	rm -f *.s
+	rm -f $(name)
+	rm -f $(name).exe

constgen/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
+ * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@slimaczek.pl>
+ */
+
+/* 
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    
+ *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *    
+ *  * Neither the name Tomasz Sowa nor the names of contributors to this
+ *    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+ * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+/*
+  this simple program is used to make constants which then are put into ttmathbig.h
+*/
+
+
+#include "../ttmath/ttmath.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+
+void CalcPi()
+{
+	ttmath::Big<1,400> pi;
+	
+	// 3100 digits after commna, taken from: http://zenwerx.com/pi.php
+	pi = "3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348253421170679"
+	"8214808651328230664709384460955058223172535940812848111745028410270193852110555964462294895493038196"
+	"4428810975665933446128475648233786783165271201909145648566923460348610454326648213393607260249141273"
+	"7245870066063155881748815209209628292540917153643678925903600113305305488204665213841469519415116094"
+	"3305727036575959195309218611738193261179310511854807446237996274956735188575272489122793818301194912"
+	"9833673362440656643086021394946395224737190702179860943702770539217176293176752384674818467669405132"
+	"0005681271452635608277857713427577896091736371787214684409012249534301465495853710507922796892589235"
+	"4201995611212902196086403441815981362977477130996051870721134999999837297804995105973173281609631859"
+	"5024459455346908302642522308253344685035261931188171010003137838752886587533208381420617177669147303"
+	"5982534904287554687311595628638823537875937519577818577805321712268066130019278766111959092164201989"
+	"3809525720106548586327886593615338182796823030195203530185296899577362259941389124972177528347913151"
+	"5574857242454150695950829533116861727855889075098381754637464939319255060400927701671139009848824012"
+	"8583616035637076601047101819429555961989467678374494482553797747268471040475346462080466842590694912"
+	"9331367702898915210475216205696602405803815019351125338243003558764024749647326391419927260426992279"
+	"6782354781636009341721641219924586315030286182974555706749838505494588586926995690927210797509302955"
+	"3211653449872027559602364806654991198818347977535663698074265425278625518184175746728909777727938000"
+	"8164706001614524919217321721477235014144197356854816136115735255213347574184946843852332390739414333"
+	"4547762416862518983569485562099219222184272550254256887671790494601653466804988627232791786085784383"
+	"8279679766814541009538837863609506800642251252051173929848960841284886269456042419652850222106611863"
+	"0674427862203919494504712371378696095636437191728746776465757396241389086583264599581339047802759009"
+	"9465764078951269468398352595709825822620522489407726719478268482601476990902640136394437455305068203"
+	"4962524517493996514314298091906592509372216964615157098583874105978859597729754989301617539284681382"
+	"6868386894277415599185592524595395943104997252468084598727364469584865383673622262609912460805124388"
+	"4390451244136549762780797715691435997700129616089441694868555848406353422072225828488648158456028506"
+	"0168427394522674676788952521385225499546667278239864565961163548862305774564980355936345681743241125"
+	"1507606947945109659609402522887971089314566913686722874894056010150330861792868092087476091782493858"
+	"9009714909675985261365549781893129784821682998948722658804857564014270477555132379641451523746234364"
+	"5428584447952658678210511413547357395231134271661021359695362314429524849371871101457654035902799344"
+	"0374200731057853906219838744780847848968332144571386875194350643021845319104848100537061468067491927"
+	"8191197939952061419663428754440643745123718192179998391015919561814675142691239748940907186494231961"
+	"5679452080951465502252316038819301420937621378559566389377870830390697920773467221825625996615014215";
+
+	std::cout << "---------------- PI ----------------" << std::endl;
+	pi.mantissa.PrintTable(std::cout);
+}
+
+
+void CalcE()
+{
+	ttmath::Big<1,400> e;
+	ttmath::uint steps;
+
+	// macro TTMATH_CONSTANTSGENERATOR has to be defined	
+	e.ExpSurrounding0(1, &steps);
+	std::cout << "---------------- e ----------------" << std::endl;
+	e.mantissa.PrintTable(std::cout);
+	
+	std::cout << "ExpSurrounding0(1): " << steps << " iterations" << std::endl;
+}
+
+
+void CalcLn(int x)
+{
+	ttmath::Big<1,400> ln;
+	ttmath::uint steps;
+
+	// macro TTMATH_CONSTANTSGENERATOR has to be defined	
+	ln.LnSurrounding1(x, &steps);
+	std::cout << "---------------- ln(" << x << ") ----------------" << std::endl;
+	ln.mantissa.PrintTable(std::cout);
+	
+	std::cout << "LnSurrounding1(" << x << "): " << steps << " iterations" << std::endl;
+}
+
+
+
+int main()
+{
+	CalcPi();
+	CalcE();
+	CalcLn(2);
+	CalcLn(10);
+		
+return 0;
+}

samples/big.cpp

@@ -32,20 +32,21 @@ MyBig atemp;
 	if( !atemp.Add(b) )
 		std::cout << "a + b = " << atemp << std::endl;
 	else
-		std::cout << "a + b = (carry) " << atemp << std::endl;
+		std::cout << "a + b = (carry)" << std::endl;
+		// it have no sense to print 'atemp' (it's undefined)
 
 	atemp = a;
 	if( !atemp.Sub(b) )
 		std::cout << "a - b = " << atemp << std::endl;
 	else
-		std::cout << "a - b = (carry) " << atemp << std::endl;
+		std::cout << "a - b = (carry)" << std::endl;
 		
 	atemp = a;
 	if( !atemp.Mul(b) )
 		std::cout << "a * b = " << atemp << std::endl;
 	else
-		std::cout << "a * b = (carry: the result is too big) " << std::endl;
+		std::cout << "a * b = (carry)" << std::endl;
-		// it have no sense to print 'atemp' (it's undefined)
+		
 		
 	atemp = a;
 	if( !atemp.Div(b) )
@@ -68,9 +69,8 @@ MyBig a,b;
 	// 'a' will have the max value which can be held in this type
 	a.SetMax();
 	
-	// at the moment conversions from double (or float etc.) are not supported
+	// conversion from double
-	// you cannot do that: b = 456.32f
+	b = 456.32;
-	b = "456.32";
 	
 	// Look at the value 'a' and the product from a+b and a-b
 	// Don't worry this is the nature of floating point numbers
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ a * b = 12193540837712.2708
 a / b = 0.0012499665458095765
 Calculating with a carry
 a = 1.624801256070839555e+646457012
-b = 456.32
+b = 456.31999999999999
 a + b = 1.624801256070839555e+646457012
 a - b = 1.624801256070839555e+646457012
-a * b = (carry: the result is too big) 
+a * b = (carry)
-a / b = 3.56066193914542329e+646457009
+a / b = 3.56066193914542334e+646457009
 */

tests/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+CC     = g++
+o      = main.o uinttest.o
+CFLAGS = -Wall -O2 -s
+ttmath = ..
+name   = tests
+
+
+
+.SUFFIXES: .cpp .o
+
+.cpp.o:
+	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -I$(ttmath) $<
+
+
+all: $(name)
+
+
+$(name): $(o)
+	$(CC) -o $(name) $(CFLAGS) -I$(ttmath) $(o)
+
+
+main.o: main.cpp uinttest.h
+uinttest.o: uinttest.cpp uinttest.h
+
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o
+	rm -f $(name)
+	rm -f $(name).exe
+
+

tests/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
+ * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@slimaczek.pl>
+ */
+
+/* 
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    
+ *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *    
+ *  * Neither the name Tomasz Sowa nor the names of contributors to this
+ *    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+ * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <ttmath/ttmath.h>
+#include "uinttest.h"
+
+
+
+const char uint_tests_file[] = "tests.uint32";
+
+
+
+void test_uint()
+{
+	UIntTest test;
+
+	test.set_file_name(uint_tests_file);
+	test.go();
+}
+
+
+
+int main()
+{
+using namespace ttmath;
+
+
+	test_uint();
+
+
+return 0;
+}

tests/tests.uint32

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Add
+
+#     min_bits   max_bits   a           b         result       carry
+add   32         0          0           0         0            0
+add   32         0          1           1         2            0
+add   32         0          2342234     3563456   5905690      0
+add   32         0          254455      3453435   3707890      0
+add   32         0          4294967295  0         4294967295   0
+add   32         32         4294967295                                 1         0                                                  1
+add   32         32         4294967295                                 0         4294967295                                         0
+add   64         64         18446744073709551615                       1         0                                                  1
+add   64         64         18446744073709551615                       0         18446744073709551615                               0
+add   96         96         79228162514264337593543950335              1         0                                                  1
+add   96         96         79228162514264337593543950335              0         79228162514264337593543950335                      0
+add   128        128        340282366920938463463374607431768211455    1         0                                                  1
+add   128        128        340282366920938463463374607431768211455    0         340282366920938463463374607431768211455            0
+add   160        160        1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975 1 0 1
+add   160        160        1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975 0 1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975 0
+add   192        192        6277101735386680763835789423207666416102355444464034512895 1 0 1
+add   192        192        6277101735386680763835789423207666416102355444464034512895 0 6277101735386680763835789423207666416102355444464034512895 0
+
+
+# AddInt
+
+#       min_bits max_bits   bits_per_int a               b(int)       index         result           carry
+addint  32       0          32           0               0            0             0                0
+addint  32       0          32           1000            2000         0             3000             0
+addint  64       0          32           562342345       1423445      1             6113650284997065 0                
+addint  64       0          32           5342342455      3423553423  0              8765895878 0
+addint  96       0          32           478895734       46756734     2             862509505820513898647477878                0
+addint  128      0          32           27370506140054471803784984408165997441 24543 3 27372450636847059393422542757339093889 0
+addint  128      128        32           340282366841711102552375003685868034945 2234543 3 177038656721750864719686733515479937 1
+addint  160      160        32           1461501637330902918124457471805283415910032366465 3 3 158457126631793409034731674497 1
+addint  192      0          32           6277101735386680763835789423128439055191355840718134336385 3354 1 6277101735386680763835789423128439055191355855123454647169 0
+addint  192      192        32           6277101735386680763835789423128439055191355840718134336385 3354 5 4901876491607848387655079701569502248322251848964993 1
+
+addint  64       0          64           0               0            0             0                0
+addint  64       0          64           5342342 345534234 0 350876576 0
+addint  64       0          64           5342342455 34235534234 0 39577876689 0
+addint  64       64         64           18446744073709550615 2000 0 999 1
+addint  128      0          64           42895062544824211012058135 3453234 0 42895062544824211015511369 0
+addint  128      0          64           42895062544824211012058135 456234234 1 8458931214807741031021280279 0
+addint  128      128        64           340282366920938426569886460012664978455 45623 1 804702316727431770143767 1
+addint  192      192        64           6277101735386680763835789423207666379208867297044931279895 45623234 1 841563227924816702308613143 1
+addint  192      192        64           6277101735386679588840776445207152040176347835149297122327 45623234 2 15523607057094857017675614218510090830281178135 1
+addint  192      192        64           6277101735386680763835789423207666416102355444464034512895 1 0 0 1
+
+
+
+# AddTwoInts
+# a the value
+# c lower word
+# b higher word
+# index - index of the lower (c) word
+# if there is a carry the result is skipped
+
+#             min_bits   max_bits   bits_per_int    a                    b(int)                 c(int)             index         result                   carry
+addtwoints    64         0          32              0                    0                      0                  0             0                        0
+addtwoints    64         0          32              23542345             3453245                2356252356         0             14831576719870221        0
+addtwoints    64         64         32              4563456879824345332  3453245255             3673623543         0             0                        1
+addtwoints    96         0          32              345345634564352344231 1231354534            345324551          1             22714482299528678798871855271  0
+addtwoints    96         96         32              33333336690445123453645645123                      4241542514         145235414    1    0 1
+addtwoints    128        0          32              921345787234870984751756                           2356245656         3423623455   2    186681013820253010515426931265335245452 0
+addtwoints    128        128        32              259817508127340892734075234234345345346            3452345324         452354345    2    0 1
+addtwoints    160        0          32              458674036702857083457018457034                     435236456          1451234242   1    466702732224470435083940719562 0
+addtwoints    160        0          32              258672084570198475012875019876674534523452543562   935245345          736765636    3    576919584276960743542382023227664277469907669578 0
+addtwoints    192        0          32              2398670187501982374012837086745045                 3253453245         234567536    4    4754927244626858434362642830810490464530603685767816794581 0
+addtwoints    192        192        32              1734564564356435667546738087098769876387468736123143453646 3456345245 3256347435   4    0 1
+
+
+addtwoints    128        0          64              0 0 0 0 0 0          
+addtwoints    128        0          64              14513452345  234512412345 8473567534  0 4325990452636459442359440119399 0
+addtwoints    128        128        64              325434534534536347567567356714513452345  4324546234512412345 8473567534  0  0 1
+addtwoints    192        0          64              8786356223462562562561234 4356879827345 34745638455 1 1482569380039046311960318103044992688410168990618834 0
+addtwoints    192        0          64              875687458745872039847234234048572306857602   12341234356 3472568734534 1 4199505313073142510985676024483326499863441546882 0
+addtwoints    192        192        64              6234554767823878635622346242564564564564564564562562561234 457644356879827345 34844576655 1 0 1
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

tests/uinttest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
+/*
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
+ * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@slimaczek.pl>
+ */
+
+/* 
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    
+ *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *    
+ *  * Neither the name Tomasz Sowa nor the names of contributors to this
+ *    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+ * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+
+#include "uinttest.h"
+
+
+
+void UIntTest::set_file_name(const std::string & f)
+{
+	file_name = f;
+}
+
+
+bool UIntTest::read_uint(uuint & result)
+{
+UInt<1> temp;
+
+	int c = temp.FromString(pline, 10, &pline);
+
+	result = temp.ToUInt();
+
+	if( c )
+	{
+		std::cerr << " carry from reading uint" << std::endl;
+		return false;
+	}
+
+return true;
+}
+
+
+
+template<uuint type_size>
+bool UIntTest::read_uint(UInt<type_size> & result)
+{
+	int c = result.FromString(pline, 10, &pline);
+
+	if( c )
+	{
+		std::cerr << " carry from UInt<>::FromString()" << std::endl;
+		return false;
+	}
+
+return true;
+}
+
+
+bool UIntTest::check_minmax_bits(int type_size)
+{
+	uuint min_bits;
+	uuint max_bits;
+
+	read_uint(min_bits);
+	read_uint(max_bits);
+
+	if( min_bits != 0 && type_size * TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT < (unsigned int)min_bits )
+		return false;
+
+	if( max_bits != 0 && type_size * TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT > (unsigned int)max_bits )
+		return false;
+
+return true;
+}
+
+
+bool UIntTest::check_minmax_bits_bitperint(int type_size)
+{
+	if( !check_minmax_bits(type_size) )
+		return false;
+
+	uuint bits;
+	
+	read_uint(bits);
+
+	if( TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT != bits )
+		return false;
+
+return true;
+}
+
+
+
+bool UIntTest::check_end()
+{
+	skip_white_characters();
+
+	if( *pline!='#' && *pline!= 0 )
+	{
+		std::cerr << "syntax error" << std::endl;
+		return false;
+	}
+
+return true;
+}
+
+
+template<uuint type_size>
+bool UIntTest::check_result_carry(const ttmath::UInt<type_size> & result, const ttmath::UInt<type_size> & new_result,
+						int carry, int new_carry)
+{
+bool ok = true;
+
+	if( new_carry != carry )
+	{
+		std::cerr << "Incorrect carry: " << new_carry << " (expected: " << carry << ")" << std::endl;
+		ok = false;
+	}
+
+	if( new_result != result )
+	{
+		std::cerr << "Incorrect result: " << new_result << " (expected: " << result << ")" << std::endl;
+		ok = false;
+	}
+
+return ok;
+}
+
+
+template<uuint type_size>
+bool UIntTest::check_result_or_carry(const ttmath::UInt<type_size> & result, const ttmath::UInt<type_size> & new_result,
+						int carry, int new_carry)
+{
+	if( new_carry != carry )
+	{
+		std::cerr << "Incorrect carry: " << new_carry << " (expected: " << carry << ")" << std::endl;
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if( new_carry == 1 )
+		return true;
+
+	if( new_result != result )
+	{
+		std::cerr << "Incorrect result: " << new_result << " (expected: " << result << ")" << std::endl;
+		return false;
+	}
+
+return true;
+}
+
+
+
+template<uuint type_size>
+void UIntTest::test_add()
+{
+	UInt<type_size> a,b,result, new_result;
+
+	if( !check_minmax_bits(type_size) )
+		return;
+
+	read_uint(a);
+	read_uint(b);
+	read_uint(result);
+	
+	uuint carry;
+	read_uint(carry);
+
+	std::cerr << '[' << row << "] Add<" << type_size << ">: ";
+
+	if( !check_end() )
+		return;
+
+	new_result = a;
+	int new_carry = new_result.Add(b);
+
+	if( check_result_carry(result, new_result, carry, new_carry) )
+		std::cerr << "ok" << std::endl;
+}
+
+
+template<uuint type_size>
+void UIntTest::test_addint()
+{
+	UInt<type_size> a, result, new_result;
+
+	if( !check_minmax_bits_bitperint(type_size) )
+		return;
+
+	uuint b, index, carry;
+
+	read_uint(a);
+	read_uint(b);
+	read_uint(index);
+	read_uint(result);
+
+	read_uint(carry);
+
+	std::cerr << '[' << row << "] AddInt<" << type_size << ">: ";
+
+	if( !check_end() )
+		return;
+
+	new_result = a;
+	int new_carry = new_result.AddInt(b, index);
+
+	if( check_result_carry(result, new_result, carry, new_carry) )
+		std::cerr << "ok" << std::endl;
+}
+
+template<uuint type_size>
+void UIntTest::test_addtwoints()
+{
+	UInt<type_size> a, result, new_result;
+
+	if( !check_minmax_bits_bitperint(type_size) )
+		return;
+
+	std::cerr << '[' << row << "] AddTwoInts<" << type_size << ">: ";
+
+	uuint b, c, index, carry;
+
+	read_uint(a);
+	read_uint(b);
+	read_uint(c);
+	read_uint(index);
+	read_uint(result);
+
+	read_uint(carry);
+
+
+	if( !check_end() )
+		return;
+
+	if( index >= type_size - 1 )
+	{
+		std::cerr << "index too large" << std::endl;
+		return;
+	}
+
+
+	new_result = a;
+	int new_carry = new_result.AddTwoInts(b, c, index);
+
+	if( check_result_or_carry(result, new_result, carry, new_carry) )
+		std::cerr << "ok" << std::endl;
+}
+
+
+int UIntTest::upper_char(int c)
+{
+	if( c>='a' && c<='z' )
+		return c - 'a' + 'A';
+
+return c;
+}
+
+
+bool UIntTest::is_white(int c)
+{
+	if( c==' ' || c=='\t' || c==13 )
+		return true;
+
+return false;
+}
+
+
+void UIntTest::skip_white_characters()
+{
+	while( is_white(*pline) )
+		++pline;
+}
+
+
+
+bool UIntTest::read_method()
+{
+	skip_white_characters();
+	
+	if( *pline == '#' )
+		return false;
+	
+	method.clear();
+
+	for(int c = upper_char(*pline) ; c>='A'&& c<='Z' ; c = upper_char(*pline) )
+	{
+		method += c;
+		++pline;
+	}
+
+	if( method.empty() )
+	{
+		skip_white_characters();
+		if( *pline == 0 )
+			return false;
+		else
+		{	
+			std::cerr << '[' << row << "] ";
+			std::cerr << "syntax error" << std::endl;
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+
+return true;
+}
+
+
+
+void UIntTest::test_method()
+{
+const char * p = pline;
+
+	if( method == "ADD" )
+	{
+		pline = p; test_add<1>();
+		pline = p; test_add<2>();
+		pline = p; test_add<3>();
+		pline = p; test_add<4>();
+		pline = p; test_add<5>();
+		pline = p; test_add<6>();
+		pline = p; test_add<7>();
+		pline = p; test_add<8>();
+		pline = p; test_add<9>();
+	}
+	else
+	if( method == "ADDINT" )
+	{
+		pline = p; test_addint<1>();
+		pline = p; test_addint<2>();
+		pline = p; test_addint<3>();
+		pline = p; test_addint<4>();
+		pline = p; test_addint<5>();
+		pline = p; test_addint<6>();
+		pline = p; test_addint<7>();
+		pline = p; test_addint<8>();
+		pline = p; test_addint<9>();
+	}
+	else
+	if( method == "ADDTWOINTS" )
+	{
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<1>();
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<2>();
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<3>();
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<4>();
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<5>();
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<6>();
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<7>();
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<8>();
+		pline = p; test_addtwoints<9>();
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		std::cerr << '[' << row << "] ";
+		std::cerr << "method " << method << " is not supported" << std::endl;
+	}
+}
+
+
+bool UIntTest::check_line()
+{
+	std::getline(file, line);
+	
+	pline = line.c_str();
+	
+	if( read_method() )
+		test_method();
+
+
+	if( file.eof() )
+		return false;
+
+
+return true;
+}
+
+
+
+
+void UIntTest::go()
+{
+	file.open(file_name.c_str());
+
+
+	if( !file )
+	{
+		std::cerr << "I can't open the input file" << std::endl;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	row = 1;
+
+	while( check_line() )
+		++row;
+
+}
+
+
+
+

tests/uinttest.h

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
+ * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@slimaczek.pl>
+ */
+
+/* 
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    
+ *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *    
+ *  * Neither the name Tomasz Sowa nor the names of contributors to this
+ *    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+ * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+
+#ifndef headerfileuinttest
+#define headerfileuinttest
+
+#include <string>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include <ttmath/ttmath.h>
+
+using namespace ttmath;
+typedef ttmath::uint uuint;
+
+
+class UIntTest
+{
+
+	std::string file_name;
+
+	// current line from the file
+	std::string line;
+	const char * pline;
+
+	std::ifstream file;
+
+
+	std::string method;
+
+	int row;
+
+public:
+
+	void set_file_name(const std::string & f);
+
+	void go();
+
+bool read_uint(uuint & result);
+
+template<uuint type_size>
+bool read_uint(UInt<type_size> & result);
+
+
+	template<uuint type_size> void test_add();
+	template<uuint type_size> void test_addint();
+	template<uuint type_size> void test_addtwoints();
+
+	template<uuint type_size> bool check_result_carry(const ttmath::UInt<type_size> & result, const ttmath::UInt<type_size> & new_result,
+						int carry, int new_carry);
+
+	template<uuint type_size> bool check_result_or_carry(const ttmath::UInt<type_size> & result, const ttmath::UInt<type_size> & new_result,
+						int carry, int new_carry);
+
+int upper_char(int c);
+bool is_white(int c);
+void skip_white_characters();
+bool read_method();
+void test_method();
+bool check_line();
+
+bool check_minmax_bits(int type_size);
+bool check_minmax_bits_bitperint(int type_size);
+bool check_end();
+
+
+};
+
+
+#endif

ttmath/ttmathint.h

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 /*
- * This file is a part of TTMath Mathematical Library
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
  * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
- * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@slimaczek.pl>
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@ttmath.org>
  */
 
 /* 
- * Copyright (c) 2006-2007, Tomasz Sowa
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
  * All rights reserved.
  * 
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ private:
 public:
 
 	/*!
-		this method adds two value with a sign and returns carry
+		this method adds two value with a sign and returns a carry
 
 		we're using methods from the base class because values are stored with U2
 		we must only make the carry correction
@@ -468,6 +468,129 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		division this = this / ss2  (ss2 is int)
+		returned values:
+			0 - ok
+			1 - division by zero
+
+		for example: (result means 'this')
+			 20 /  3 --> result:  6   remainder:  2
+			-20 /  3 --> result: -6   remainder: -2
+			 20 / -3 --> result: -6   remainder:  2
+			-20 / -3 --> result:  6   remainder: -2
+
+		in other words: this(old) = ss2 * this(new)(result) + remainder
+	*/
+	uint DivInt(sint ss2, sint * remainder = 0)
+	{
+	bool ss1_is_sign, ss2_is_sign;
+
+		ss1_is_sign = IsSign();
+
+		/*
+			we don't have to test the carry from Abs as well as in Mul
+		*/
+		Abs();
+
+		if( ss2 < 0 )
+		{
+			ss2 = -ss2;
+			ss2_is_sign = true;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			ss2_is_sign = false;
+		}
+
+		uint rem;
+		uint c = UInt<value_size>::DivInt((uint)ss2, &rem);
+
+		if( ss1_is_sign != ss2_is_sign )
+			SetSign();
+
+		if( remainder )
+		{
+			if( ss1_is_sign )
+				*remainder = -sint(rem);
+			else
+				*remainder = sint(rem);
+		}
+
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+	uint DivInt(sint ss2, sint & remainder)
+	{
+		return DivInt(ss2, &remainder);
+	}
+
+
+private:
+
+
+	/*!
+		power this = this ^ pow
+		this can be negative
+		pow is >= 0
+	*/
+	uint Pow2(const Int<value_size> & pow)
+	{
+		bool was_sign = IsSign();
+		uint c = 0;
+
+		if( was_sign )
+			c += Abs();
+
+		uint c_temp = UInt<value_size>::Pow(pow);
+		if( c_temp > 0 )
+			return c_temp; // c_temp can be: 0, 1 or 2
+		
+		if( was_sign && (pow.table[0] & 1) == 1 )
+			// negative value to the power of odd number is negative
+			c += ChangeSign();
+
+	return (c==0)? 0 : 1;
+	}
+
+
+public:
+
+
+	/*!
+		power this = this ^ pow
+
+		return values:
+		0 - ok
+		1 - carry
+		2 - incorrect arguments 0^0 or 0^(-something)
+	*/
+	uint Pow(Int<value_size> pow)
+	{
+		if( !pow.IsSign() )
+			return Pow2(pow);
+
+		if( UInt<value_size>::IsZero() )
+			// if 'pow' is negative then
+			// 'this' must be different from zero
+			return 2;
+
+		if( pow.ChangeSign() )
+			return 1;
+
+		Int<value_size> t(*this);
+		uint c_temp = t.Pow2(pow);
+		if( c_temp > 0 )
+			return c_temp;
+
+		UInt<value_size>::SetOne();
+		if( Div(t) )
+			return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+	}
+
 
 
 	/*!
@@ -475,17 +598,14 @@ public:
 	*	convertion methods
 	*
 	*/
+private:
+
 
 	/*!
-		this method convert an UInt<another_size> type to this class
+		an auxiliary method for converting both from UInt and Int
-
-		this operation has mainly sense if the value from p
-		can be held in this type
-
-		it returns a carry if the value 'p' is too big
 	*/
 	template<uint argument_size>
-	uint FromInt(const Int<argument_size> & p)
+	uint FromUIntOrInt(const UInt<argument_size> & p, bool UInt_type)
 	{
 		uint min_size = (value_size < argument_size)? value_size : argument_size;
 		uint i;
@@ -496,15 +616,25 @@ public:
 
 		if( value_size > argument_size )
 		{	
-			// 'this' is longer than 'p'
+			uint fill;
-			uint fill = (p.table[argument_size-1] & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT)? TTMATH_UINT_MAX_VALUE : 0;
 
+			if( UInt_type )
+				fill = 0;
+			else
+				fill = (p.table[argument_size-1] & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT)?
+														TTMATH_UINT_MAX_VALUE : 0;
+
+			// 'this' is longer than 'p'
 			for( ; i<value_size ; ++i)
 				UInt<value_size>::table[i] = fill;
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			uint test = (UInt<value_size>::table[value_size-1] & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT)? TTMATH_UINT_MAX_VALUE : 0;
+			uint test = (UInt<value_size>::table[value_size-1] & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT)?
+																TTMATH_UINT_MAX_VALUE : 0;
+
+			if( UInt_type && test!=0 )
+				return 1;
 
 			for( ; i<argument_size ; ++i)
 				if( p.table[i] != test )
@@ -514,11 +644,27 @@ public:
 	return 0;
 	}
 
+public:
+
+	/*!
+		this method converts an Int<another_size> type into this class
+
+		this operation has mainly sense if the value from p
+		can be held in this type
+
+		it returns a carry if the value 'p' is too big
+	*/
+	template<uint argument_size>
+	uint FromInt(const Int<argument_size> & p)
+	{
+		return FromUIntOrInt(p, false);
+	}
+
 
 	/*!
 		this method converts the sint type into this class
 	*/
-	void FromInt(sint value)
+	uint FromInt(sint value)
 	{
 	uint fill = ( value<0 ) ? TTMATH_UINT_MAX_VALUE : 0;
 
@@ -526,16 +672,46 @@ public:
 			UInt<value_size>::table[i] = fill;
 
 		UInt<value_size>::table[0] = uint(value);
+	
+		// there'll never be a carry here
+	return 0;
 	}
 
 
 	/*!
-		this operator converts an UInt<another_size> type to this class
+		this method converts UInt<another_size> into this class
-
-		it doesn't return a carry
 	*/
 	template<uint argument_size>
-	Int<value_size> & operator=(const Int<argument_size> & p)
+	uint FromUInt(const UInt<argument_size> & p)
+	{
+		return FromUIntOrInt(p, true);
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method converts the uint type into this class
+	*/
+	uint FromUInt(uint value)
+	{
+		for(uint i=1 ; i<value_size ; ++i)
+			UInt<value_size>::table[i] = 0;
+
+		UInt<value_size>::table[0] = value;
+
+		// there can be a carry here when the size of this value is equal one word
+		// and the 'value' has the highest bit set
+		if( value_size==1 && (value & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT)!=0 )
+			return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		the default assignment operator
+	*/
+	Int<value_size> & operator=(const Int<value_size> & p)
 	{
 		FromInt(p);
 
@@ -544,9 +720,12 @@ public:
 
 
 	/*!
-		the default assignment operator
+		this operator converts an Int<another_size> type to this class
+
+		it doesn't return a carry
 	*/
-	Int<value_size> & operator=(const Int<value_size> & p)
+	template<uint argument_size>
+	Int<value_size> & operator=(const Int<argument_size> & p)
 	{
 		FromInt(p);
 
@@ -575,11 +754,46 @@ public:
 
 
 	/*!
-		this method converts the uint type to this class
+		a copy constructor
+	*/
+	Int(const Int<value_size> & u)
+	{
+		FromInt(u);
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		a constructor for copying from another types
+	*/
+	template<uint argument_size>
+	Int(const Int<argument_size> & u)
+	{
+		// look that 'size' we still set as 'value_size' and not as u.value_size
+		FromInt(u);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this operator converts an UInt<another_size> type to this class
+
+		it doesn't return a carry
+	*/
+	template<uint argument_size>
+	Int<value_size> & operator=(const UInt<argument_size> & p)
+	{
+		FromUInt(p);
+
+	return *this;
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method converts the Uint type to this class
 	*/
 	Int<value_size> & operator=(uint i)
 	{
-		UInt<value_size>::FromUInt(i);
+		FromUInt(i);
 
 	return *this;
 	}
@@ -590,10 +804,23 @@ public:
 	*/
 	Int(uint i)
 	{
-		UInt<value_size>::FromUInt(i);
+		FromUInt(i);
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		a constructor for copying from another types
+	*/
+	template<uint argument_size>
+	Int(const UInt<argument_size> & u)
+	{
+		// look that 'size' we still set as 'value_size' and not as u.value_size
+		FromUInt(u);
+	}
+ 
+
+
+
 #ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM64
 
 	/*!
@@ -630,7 +857,7 @@ public:
 	*/
 	Int<value_size> & operator=(unsigned int i)
 	{
-		UInt<value_size>::FromUInt(uint(i));
+		FromUInt(uint(i));
 
 	return *this;
 	}
@@ -644,7 +871,7 @@ public:
 	*/
 	Int(unsigned int i)
 	{
-		UInt<value_size>::FromUInt(uint(i));
+		FromUInt(uint(i));
 	}
 
 #endif
@@ -659,6 +886,15 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		a constructor for converting string to this class (with the base=10)
+	*/
+	Int(const wchar_t * s)
+	{
+		FromString(s);
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		a constructor for converting a string to this class (with the base=10)
 	*/
@@ -668,6 +904,15 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		a constructor for converting a string to this class (with the base=10)
+	*/
+	Int(const std::wstring & s)
+	{
+		FromString( s.c_str() );
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		a default constructor
 
@@ -678,18 +923,6 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
-	/*!
-		the copy constructor
-	*/
-	template<uint argument_size>
-	Int(const Int<argument_size> & u) : UInt<value_size>::size(value_size)
-	{
-		// look that 'size' we still set as 'value_size' and not as u.value_size
-
-		operator=(u);
-	}
-
-
 	/*!
 		the destructor
 	*/
@@ -697,6 +930,7 @@ public:
 	{
 	}
 
+
 	/*!
 		this method returns the lowest value from table with a sign
 
@@ -709,10 +943,13 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+private:
+
 	/*!	
-		this method converts the value to a string with a base equal 'b'
+		an auxiliary method for converting to a string
 	*/
-	void ToString(std::string & result, uint b = 10) const
+	template<class string_type>
+	void ToStringBase(string_type & result, uint b = 10) const
 	{
 		if( IsSign() )
 		{
@@ -728,39 +965,74 @@ public:
 		}
 	}
 
+public:
 
+	/*!	
+		this method converts the value to a string with a base equal 'b'
+	*/
+	void ToString(std::string & result, uint b = 10) const
+	{
+		return ToStringBase(result, b);
+	}
 
 
 	/*!	
-		this method converts a string into its value
+		this method converts the value to a string with a base equal 'b'
-		it returns carry=1 if the value will be too big or an incorrect base 'b' is given
-
-		string is ended with a non-digit value, for example:
-			"-12" will be translated to -12
-			as well as:
-			"- 12foo" will be translated to 12 too
-
-		existing first white characters will be ommited
-		(between '-' and a first digit can be white characters too)
 	*/
-	uint FromString(const char * s, uint b = 10)
+	void ToString(std::wstring & result, uint b = 10) const
+	{
+		return ToStringBase(result, b);
+	}
+
+
+	/*!	
+		this method converts the value to a string with a base equal 'b'
+	*/
+	std::string ToString(uint b = 10) const
+	{
+		std::string result;
+		ToStringBase(result, b);
+
+	return result;
+	}
+
+
+	/*!	
+		this method converts the value to a string with a base equal 'b'
+	*/
+	std::wstring ToWString(uint b = 10) const
+	{
+		std::wstring result;
+		ToStringBase(result, b);
+
+	return result;
+	}
+
+
+private:
+
+	/*!
+		an auxiliary method for converting from a string
+	*/
+	template<class char_type>
+	uint FromStringBase(const char_type * s, uint b = 10, const char_type ** after_source = 0, bool * value_read = 0)
 	{
 	bool is_sign = false;
 	
-		UInt<value_size>::SkipWhiteCharacters(s);
+		Misc::SkipWhiteCharacters(s);
 
 		if( *s == '-' )
 		{
 			is_sign = true;
-			UInt<value_size>::SkipWhiteCharacters(++s);
+			Misc::SkipWhiteCharacters(++s);
 		}
 		else
 		if( *s == '+' )
 		{
-			UInt<value_size>::SkipWhiteCharacters(++s);
+			Misc::SkipWhiteCharacters(++s);
 		}
 
-		if( UInt<value_size>::FromString(s,b) )
+		if( UInt<value_size>::FromString(s,b,after_source,value_read) )
 			return 1;
 
 		if( is_sign )
@@ -771,12 +1043,15 @@ public:
 
 			/*
 				the reference to mmin will be automatically converted to the reference
-				to a UInt type
+				to UInt type
 				(this value can be equal mmin -- look at a description in ChangeSign())
 			*/
 			if( UInt<value_size>::operator>( mmin ) )
 				return 1;
 
+			/*
+				if the value is equal mmin the method ChangeSign() does nothing (only returns 1 but we ignore it)
+			*/
 			ChangeSign();
 		}
 		else
@@ -793,13 +1068,56 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+public:
+
+	/*!
+		this method converts a string into its value
+		it returns carry=1 if the value will be too big or an incorrect base 'b' is given
+
+		string is ended with a non-digit value, for example:
+			"-12" will be translated to -12
+			as well as:
+			"- 12foo" will be translated to -12 too
+
+		existing first white characters will be ommited
+		(between '-' and a first digit can be white characters too)
+
+		after_source (if exists) is pointing at the end of the parsed string
+
+		value_read (if exists) tells whether something has actually been read (at least one digit)
+	*/
+	uint FromString(const char * s, uint b = 10, const char ** after_source = 0, bool * value_read = 0)
+	{
+		return FromStringBase(s, b, after_source, value_read);
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method converts a string into its value
+	*/
+	uint FromString(const wchar_t * s, uint b = 10, const wchar_t ** after_source = 0, bool * value_read = 0)
+	{
+		return FromStringBase(s, b, after_source, value_read);
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		this method converts a string into its value
 		it returns carry=1 if the value will be too big or an incorrect base 'b' is given
 	*/
 	uint FromString(const std::string & s, uint b = 10)
 	{
-		return FromString( s.c_str() );
+		return FromString( s.c_str(), b );
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method converts a string into its value
+		it returns carry=1 if the value will be too big or an incorrect base 'b' is given
+	*/
+	uint FromString(const std::wstring & s, uint b = 10)
+	{
+		return FromString( s.c_str(), b );
 	}
 
 
@@ -814,6 +1132,17 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		this operator converts a string into its value (with base = 10)
+	*/
+	Int<value_size> & operator=(const wchar_t * s)
+	{
+		FromString(s);
+
+	return *this;
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		this operator converts a string into its value (with base = 10)
 	*/
@@ -825,6 +1154,15 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		this operator converts a string into its value (with base = 10)
+	*/
+	Int<value_size> & operator=(const std::wstring & s)
+	{
+		FromString( s.c_str() );
+
+	return *this;
+	}
 
 
 	/*!
@@ -1104,9 +1442,15 @@ public:
 	*
 	*/
 
-	friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & s, const Int<value_size> & l)
+private:
+
+	/*!
+		an auxiliary method for outputing to standard streams
+	*/
+	template<class ostream_type, class string_type>
+	static ostream_type & OutputToStream(ostream_type & s, const Int<value_size> & l)
 	{
-	std::string ss;
+	string_type ss;
 
 		l.ToString(ss);
 		s << ss;
@@ -1116,12 +1460,40 @@ public:
 
 
 
-	friend std::istream & operator>>(std::istream & s, Int<value_size> & l)
+public:
-	{
-	std::string ss;
 
-	// char for operator>>
+
-	unsigned char z;
+	/*!
+		output to standard streams
+	*/
+	friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & s, const Int<value_size> & l)
+	{
+		return OutputToStream<std::ostream, std::string>(s, l);
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		output to standard streams
+	*/
+	friend std::wostream & operator<<(std::wostream & s, const Int<value_size> & l)
+	{
+		return OutputToStream<std::wostream, std::wstring>(s, l);
+	}
+
+
+
+private:
+
+	/*!
+		an auxiliary method for converting from a string
+	*/
+	template<class istream_type, class string_type, class char_type>
+	static istream_type & InputFromStream(istream_type & s, Int<value_size> & l)
+	{
+	string_type ss;
+	
+	// char or wchar_t for operator>>
+	char_type z;
 	
 		// operator>> omits white characters if they're set for ommiting
 		s >> z;
@@ -1133,10 +1505,10 @@ public:
 		}
 
 		// we're reading only digits (base=10)
-		while( s.good() && UInt<value_size>::CharToDigit(z, 10)>=0 )
+		while( s.good() && Misc::CharToDigit(z, 10)>=0 )
 		{
 			ss += z;
-			z = s.get();
+			z = static_cast<char_type>(s.get());
 		}
 
 		// we're leaving the last readed character
@@ -1148,9 +1520,28 @@ public:
 	return s;
 	}
 
+
+public:
+
+	/*!
+		input from standard streams
+	*/
+	friend std::istream & operator>>(std::istream & s, Int<value_size> & l)
+	{
+		return InputFromStream<std::istream, std::string, char>(s, l);
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		input from standard streams
+	*/
+	friend std::wistream & operator>>(std::wistream & s, Int<value_size> & l)
+	{
+		return InputFromStream<std::wistream, std::wstring, wchar_t>(s, l);
+	}
+
 };
 
 } // namespace
 
-
 #endif

ttmath/ttmathmisc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+/*
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
+ * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@ttmath.org>
+ */
+
+/* 
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    
+ *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *    
+ *  * Neither the name Tomasz Sowa nor the names of contributors to this
+ *    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+ * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef headerfilettmathmisc
+#define headerfilettmathmisc
+
+
+/*!
+	\file ttmathmisc.h
+    \brief some helpful functions
+*/
+
+
+#include <string>
+
+
+namespace ttmath
+{
+
+/*!
+	some helpful functions
+*/
+class Misc
+{
+public:
+
+
+/*
+ *
+ *	AssignString(result, str)
+ *	result = str
+ *
+ */
+
+/*!
+	result = str
+*/
+static void AssignString(std::string & result, const char * str)
+{
+	result = str;
+}
+
+
+/*!
+	result = str
+*/
+static void AssignString(std::wstring & result, const char * str)
+{
+	result.clear();
+
+	for( ; *str ; ++str )
+		result += *str;
+}
+
+
+/*!
+	result = str
+*/
+static void AssignString(std::wstring & result, const std::string & str)
+{
+	return AssignString(result, str.c_str());
+}
+
+
+/*!
+	result = str
+*/
+static void AssignString(std::string & result, const wchar_t * str)
+{
+	result.clear();
+
+	for( ; *str ; ++str )
+		result += static_cast<char>(*str);
+}
+
+
+/*!
+	result = str
+*/
+static void AssignString(std::string & result, const std::wstring & str)
+{
+	return AssignString(result, str.c_str());
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *
+ *	AddString(result, str)
+ *	result += str
+ *
+ */
+
+
+/*!
+	result += str
+*/
+static void AddString(std::string & result, const char * str)
+{
+	result += str;
+}
+
+
+/*!
+	result += str
+*/
+static void AddString(std::wstring & result, const char * str)
+{
+	for( ; *str ; ++str )
+		result += *str;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+	this method omits any white characters from the string
+	char_type is char or wchar_t
+*/
+template<class char_type>
+static void SkipWhiteCharacters(const char_type * & c)
+{
+	// 13 is at the end in a DOS text file (\r\n)
+	while( (*c==' ' ) || (*c=='\t') || (*c==13 ) || (*c=='\n') )
+		++c;
+}
+
+
+
+
+/*!
+	this static method converts one character into its value
+
+	for example:
+		1 -> 1
+		8 -> 8
+		A -> 10
+		f -> 15
+
+	this method don't check whether c is correct or not
+*/
+static uint CharToDigit(uint c)
+{
+	if(c>='0' && c<='9')
+		return c-'0';
+
+	if(c>='a' && c<='z')
+		return c-'a'+10;
+
+return c-'A'+10;
+}
+
+
+/*!
+	this method changes a character 'c' into its value
+	(if there can't be a correct value it returns -1)
+
+	for example:
+	c=2, base=10 -> function returns 2
+	c=A, base=10 -> function returns -1
+	c=A, base=16 -> function returns 10
+*/
+static sint CharToDigit(uint c, uint base)
+{
+	if( c>='0' && c<='9' )
+		c=c-'0';
+	else
+	if( c>='a' && c<='z' )
+		c=c-'a'+10;
+	else
+	if( c>='A' && c<='Z' )
+		c=c-'A'+10;
+	else
+		return -1;
+
+
+	if( c >= base )
+		return -1;
+
+
+return sint(c);
+}
+
+
+
+/*!
+	this method converts a digit into a char
+	digit should be from <0,F>
+	(we don't have to get a base)
+	
+	for example:
+		1  -> 1
+		8  -> 8
+		10 -> A
+		15 -> F
+*/
+static uint DigitToChar(uint digit)
+{
+	if( digit < 10 )
+		return digit + '0';
+
+return digit - 10 + 'A';
+}
+
+
+}; // struct Misc
+
+}
+
+
+#endif

ttmath/ttmathobjects.h

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 /*
  * This file is a part of TTMath Mathematical Library
  * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
- * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@slimaczek.pl>
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@ttmath.org>
  */
 
 /* 
- * Copyright (c) 2006-2007, Tomasz Sowa
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
  * All rights reserved.
  * 
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -44,12 +44,13 @@
     \brief Mathematic functions.
 */
 
-#include "ttmathtypes.h"
-
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 #include <list>
 #include <map>
 
+#include "ttmathtypes.h"
+#include "ttmathmisc.h"
 
 
 namespace ttmath
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ public:
 	struct Item
 	{
 		// name of a variable of a function
+		// internally we store variables and funcions as std::string (not std::wstring even when wide characters are used)
 		std::string value;
 
 		// number of parameters required by the function
@@ -97,12 +99,12 @@ public:
 		if 'can_be_digit' is true that means when the 'c' is a digit this 
 		method returns true otherwise it returns false
 	*/
-	static bool CorrectCharacter(int c, bool can_be_digit)
+	static bool CorrectCharacter(wchar_t c, bool can_be_digit)
 	{
 		if( (c>='a' && c<='z') || (c>='A' && c<='Z') )
 			return true;
 
-		if( can_be_digit && (c>='0' && c<='9') )
+		if( can_be_digit && ((c>='0' && c<='9') || c=='_') )
 			return true;
 
 	return false;
@@ -112,7 +114,8 @@ public:
 	/*!
 		this method returns true if the name can be as a name of an object
 	*/
-	static bool IsNameCorrect(const std::string & name)
+	template<class string_type>
+	static bool IsNameCorrect(const string_type & name)
 	{
 		if( name.empty() )
 			return false;
@@ -120,7 +123,7 @@ public:
 		if( !CorrectCharacter(name[0], false) )
 			return false;
 
-		std::string::const_iterator i=name.begin();
+		typename string_type::const_iterator i = name.begin();
 
 		for(++i ; i!=name.end() ; ++i)
 			if( !CorrectCharacter(*i, true) )
@@ -130,6 +133,37 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		this method returns true if such an object is defined (name exists)
+	*/
+	bool IsDefined(const std::string & name)
+	{
+		Iterator i = table.find(name);
+
+		if( i != table.end() )
+			// we have this object in our table
+			return true;
+
+	return false;
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method returns true if such an object is defined (name exists)
+	*/
+	bool IsDefined(const std::wstring & name)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(name) )
+			return false;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, name);
+
+	return IsDefined(str_tmp1);
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		this method adds one object (variable of function) into the table
 	*/
@@ -150,6 +184,23 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		this method adds one object (variable of function) into the table
+	*/
+	ErrorCode Add(const std::wstring & name, const std::wstring & value, int param = 0)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(name) )
+			return err_incorrect_name;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, name);
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp2, value);
+		
+	return Add(str_tmp1, str_tmp2, param);
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		this method returns 'true' if the table is empty
 	*/
@@ -207,6 +258,23 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		this method changes the value and the number of parameters for a specific object
+	*/
+	ErrorCode EditValue(const std::wstring & name, const std::wstring & value, int param = 0)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(name) )
+			return err_incorrect_name;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, name);
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp2, value);
+		
+	return EditValue(str_tmp1, str_tmp2, param);
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		this method changes the name of a specific object
 	*/
@@ -238,6 +306,23 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		this method changes the name of a specific object
+	*/
+	ErrorCode EditName(const std::wstring & old_name, const std::wstring & new_name)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(old_name) || !IsNameCorrect(new_name) )
+			return err_incorrect_name;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, old_name);
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp2, new_name);
+
+	return EditName(str_tmp1, str_tmp2);
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		this method deletes an object
 	*/
@@ -258,7 +343,23 @@ public:
 
 
 	/*!
-		this method sets the value of a specific object
+		this method deletes an object
+	*/
+	ErrorCode Delete(const std::wstring & name)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(name) )
+			return err_incorrect_name;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, name);
+
+	return Delete(str_tmp1);
+	}	
+		
+		
+	/*!
+		this method gets the value of a specific object
 	*/
 	ErrorCode GetValue(const std::string & name, std::string & value) const
 	{
@@ -280,7 +381,25 @@ public:
 
 
 	/*!
-		this method sets the value of a specific object
+		this method gets the value of a specific object
+	*/
+	ErrorCode GetValue(const std::wstring & name, std::wstring & value)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(name) )
+			return err_incorrect_name;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, name);
+		ErrorCode err = GetValue(str_tmp1, str_tmp2);
+		Misc::AssignString(value, str_tmp2);
+
+	return err;
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method gets the value of a specific object
 		(this version is used for not copying the whole string)
 	*/
 	ErrorCode GetValue(const std::string & name, const char ** value) const
@@ -303,7 +422,24 @@ public:
 
 
 	/*!
-		this method sets the value and the number of parameters
+		this method gets the value of a specific object
+		(this version is used for not copying the whole string)
+	*/
+	ErrorCode GetValue(const std::wstring & name, const char ** value)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(name) )
+			return err_incorrect_name;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, name);
+
+	return GetValue(str_tmp1, value);
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method gets the value and the number of parameters
 		of a specific object
 	*/
 	ErrorCode GetValueAndParam(const std::string & name, std::string & value, int * param) const
@@ -327,6 +463,25 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		this method gets the value and the number of parameters
+		of a specific object
+	*/
+	ErrorCode GetValueAndParam(const std::wstring & name, std::wstring & value, int * param)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(name) )
+			return err_incorrect_name;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, name);
+		ErrorCode err = GetValueAndParam(str_tmp1, str_tmp2, param);
+		Misc::AssignString(value, str_tmp2);
+
+	return err;
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		this method sets the value and the number of parameters
 		of a specific object
@@ -353,6 +508,25 @@ public:
 	}
 
 
+	/*!
+		this method sets the value and the number of parameters
+		of a specific object
+		(this version is used for not copying the whole string
+		but in fact we make one copying during AssignString())
+	*/
+	ErrorCode GetValueAndParam(const std::wstring & name, const char ** value, int * param)
+	{
+		// we should check whether the name (in wide characters) are correct
+		// before calling AssignString() function
+		if( !IsNameCorrect(name) )
+			return err_incorrect_name;
+
+		Misc::AssignString(str_tmp1, name);
+
+	return GetValueAndParam(str_tmp1, value, param);
+	}
+
+
 	/*!
 		this method returns a pointer into the table
 	*/
@@ -365,6 +539,7 @@ public:
 private:
 
 	Table table;
+	std::string str_tmp1, str_tmp2;
 
 }; // end of class Objects
 
@@ -411,11 +586,11 @@ public:
 	
 	/*!
 		default constructor
-		default max size of the History's container is 10 items
+		default max size of the History's container is 15 items
 	*/
 	History()
 	{
-		buffer_max_size = 10;
+		buffer_max_size = 15;
 	}
 
 
@@ -472,10 +647,118 @@ public:
 	return false;
 	}
 
+
+	/*!
+		this methods deletes an item
+
+		we assume that there is only one item with the 'key'
+		(this methods removes the first one)
+	*/
+	bool Remove(const ValueType & key)
+	{
+		typename buffer_type::iterator i = buffer.begin();
+
+		for( ; i != buffer.end() ; ++i )
+		{
+			if( i->key == key )
+			{
+				buffer.erase(i);
+				return true;
+			}
+		}
+
+	return false;
+	}
+
+
 }; // end of class History
 
 
 
+/*!
+	this is an auxiliary class used when calculating Gamma() or Factorial()
+
+	in multithreaded environment you can provide an object of this class to
+	the Gamma() or Factorial() function, e.g;
+		typedef Big<1, 3> MyBig;
+		MyBig x = 123456;
+		CGamma<MyBig> cgamma;
+		std::cout << Gamma(x, cgamma);
+	each thread should have its own CGamma<> object
+
+	in a single-thread environment a CGamma<> object is a static variable
+	in a second version of Gamma() and you don't have to explicitly use it, e.g.
+		typedef Big<1, 3> MyBig;
+		MyBig x = 123456;
+		std::cout << Gamma(x);
+*/
+template<class ValueType>
+struct CGamma
+{
+	/*!
+		this table holds factorials
+			1
+			1
+			2
+			6
+			24
+			120
+			720
+			.......
+	*/
+	std::vector<ValueType> fact;
+
+
+	/*!
+		this table holds Bernoulli numbers
+			1
+			-0.5
+			0.166666666666666666666666667
+			0
+			-0.0333333333333333333333333333
+			0
+			0.0238095238095238095238095238
+			0
+			-0.0333333333333333333333333333
+			0
+			0.075757575757575757575757576
+			.....
+	*/
+	std::vector<ValueType> bern;
+
+
+	/*!
+		here we store some calculated values
+		(this is for speeding up, if the next argument of Gamma() or Factorial()
+		is in the 'history' then the result we are not calculating but simply
+		return from the 'history' object)
+	*/
+	History<ValueType> history;
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method prepares some coefficients: factorials and Bernoulli numbers
+		stored in 'fact' and 'bern' objects
+		
+		how many values should be depends on the size of the mantissa - if
+		the mantissa is larger then we must calculate more values
+		    for a mantissa which consists of 256 bits (8 words on a 32bit platform)
+			we have to calculate about 30 values (the size of fact and bern will be 30),
+			and for a 2048 bits mantissa we have to calculate 306 coefficients
+
+		you don't have to call this method, these coefficients will be automatically calculated
+		when they are needed
+
+		you must note that calculating these coefficients is a little time-consuming operation,
+		(especially when the mantissa is large) and first call to Gamma() or Factorial()
+		can take more time than next calls, and in the end this is the point when InitAll()
+		comes in handy: you can call this method somewhere at the beginning of your program
+	*/
+	void InitAll();
+	// definition is in ttmath.h
+};
+
+
 
 
 } // namespace

ttmath/ttmaththreads.h

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+/*
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
+ * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@ttmath.org>
+ */
+
+/* 
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    
+ *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *    
+ *  * Neither the name Tomasz Sowa nor the names of contributors to this
+ *    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+ * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+
+
+#ifndef headerfilettmaththreads
+#define headerfilettmaththreads
+
+#include "ttmathtypes.h"
+
+#ifdef TTMATH_WIN32_THREADS
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef TTMATH_POSIX_THREADS
+#include <pthread.h>
+#endif
+
+
+
+/*!
+	\file ttmaththreads.h
+    \brief Some objects used in multithreads environment
+*/
+
+
+/*
+	this is a simple skeleton of a program in multithreads environment:
+
+	#define TTMATH_MULTITHREADS
+	#include<ttmath/ttmath.h>
+	
+	TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER
+
+	int main()
+	{
+	[...]
+	}
+
+	make sure that macro TTMATH_MULTITHREADS is defined and (somewhere in *.cpp file)
+	use TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER macro (outside of any classes/functions/namespaces scope)
+*/
+
+
+namespace ttmath
+{
+
+
+#ifdef TTMATH_WIN32_THREADS
+
+	/*
+		we use win32 threads
+	*/
+
+
+	/*!
+		in multithreads environment you should use TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER macro
+		somewhere in *.cpp file
+
+		(at the moment in win32 this macro does nothing)
+	*/
+	#define TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER
+
+
+	/*!
+		objects of this class are used to synchronize
+	*/
+	class ThreadLock
+	{
+		HANDLE mutex_handle;
+
+
+		void CreateName(char * buffer) const
+		{
+			#ifdef _MSC_VER
+			#pragma warning (disable : 4996)
+			// warning C4996: 'sprintf': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using sprintf_s instead.
+			#endif
+
+			sprintf(buffer, "TTMATH_LOCK_%ul", (unsigned long)GetCurrentProcessId());
+
+			#ifdef _MSC_VER
+			#pragma warning (default : 4996)
+			#endif
+		}
+
+
+	public:
+
+		bool Lock()
+		{
+		char buffer[50];
+
+			CreateName(buffer);
+			mutex_handle = CreateMutexA(0, false, buffer);
+
+			if( mutex_handle == 0 )
+				return false;
+
+			WaitForSingleObject(mutex_handle, INFINITE);
+
+		return true;
+		}
+
+
+		ThreadLock()
+		{
+			mutex_handle = 0;
+		}
+
+
+		~ThreadLock()
+		{
+			if( mutex_handle != 0 )
+			{
+				ReleaseMutex(mutex_handle);
+				CloseHandle(mutex_handle);
+			}
+		}
+	};
+
+#endif  // #ifdef TTMATH_WIN32_THREADS
+
+
+
+
+
+#ifdef TTMATH_POSIX_THREADS
+
+	/*
+		we use posix threads
+	*/
+
+
+	/*!
+		in multithreads environment you should use TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER macro
+		somewhere in *.cpp file
+		(this macro defines a pthread_mutex_t object used by TTMath library)
+	*/
+	#define TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER                          \
+	namespace ttmath                                            \
+	{                                                           \
+	pthread_mutex_t ttmath_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;   \
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		ttmath_mutex will be defined by TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER macro 
+	*/
+	extern pthread_mutex_t ttmath_mutex;
+
+
+	/*!
+		objects of this class are used to synchronize
+	*/
+	class ThreadLock
+	{
+	public:
+
+		bool Lock()
+		{
+			if( pthread_mutex_lock(&ttmath_mutex) != 0 )
+				return false;
+
+		return true;
+		}
+
+
+		~ThreadLock()
+		{
+			pthread_mutex_unlock(&ttmath_mutex);
+		}
+	};
+
+#endif // #ifdef TTMATH_POSIX_THREADS
+
+
+
+
+#if !defined(TTMATH_POSIX_THREADS) && !defined(TTMATH_WIN32_THREADS)
+
+	/*!
+		we don't use win32 and pthreads
+	*/
+
+	/*!
+	*/
+	#define TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_HELPER
+
+
+	/*!
+		objects of this class are used to synchronize
+		actually we don't synchronize, the method Lock() returns always 'false'
+	*/
+	class ThreadLock
+	{
+	public:
+
+		bool Lock()
+		{
+			return false;
+		}
+	};
+
+
+#endif // #if !defined(TTMATH_POSIX_THREADS) && !defined(TTMATH_WIN32_THREADS)
+
+
+
+
+
+} // namespace
+
+#endif
+

ttmath/ttmathtypes.h

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 /*
- * This file is a part of TTMath Mathematical Library
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
  * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
- * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@slimaczek.pl>
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@ttmath.org>
  */
 
 /* 
- * Copyright (c) 2006-2007, Tomasz Sowa
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
  * All rights reserved.
  * 
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -54,14 +54,18 @@
 
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <sstream>
-
+#include <vector>
 
 /*!
 	the version of the library
+
+	TTMATH_PRERELEASE_VER is either zero or one
+	if zero that means this is the release version of the library
 */
 #define TTMATH_MAJOR_VER		0
-#define TTMATH_MINOR_VER		8
+#define TTMATH_MINOR_VER		9
 #define TTMATH_REVISION_VER		0
+#define TTMATH_PRERELEASE_VER	0
 
 
 /*!
@@ -79,7 +83,7 @@
 	 gcc -DTTMATH_RELEASE -o myprogram myprogram.cpp 
 	or by defining this macro in your code before using any header files of this library
 
-	if TTMATH_RELEASE is not set then TTMATH_DEBUG is set	
+	if TTMATH_RELEASE is not set then TTMATH_DEBUG is set automatically
 */
 #ifndef TTMATH_RELEASE
 	#define TTMATH_DEBUG
@@ -108,6 +112,15 @@ namespace ttmath
 
 
 
+/*!
+	another compilers than MS VC or GCC by default use no asm version (TTMATH_NOASM)
+*/
+#if !defined _MSC_VER && !defined __GNUC__
+	#define TTMATH_NOASM
+#endif
+
+
+
 #ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM32
 
 	/*!
@@ -116,6 +129,20 @@ namespace ttmath
 	typedef unsigned int uint;
 	typedef signed   int sint;
 
+	/*!
+		this type is twice bigger than uint
+		(64bit on a 32bit platforms)
+
+		although C++ Standard - ANSI ISO IEC 14882:2003 doesn't define such a type (long long) 
+		but it is defined in C99 and in upcoming C++0x /3.9.1 (2)/ and many compilers support it
+
+		this type is used in UInt::MulTwoWords and UInt::DivTwoWords when macro TTMATH_NOASM is defined
+		but only on a 32bit platform
+	*/
+	#ifdef TTMATH_NOASM
+		typedef unsigned long long int ulint;
+	#endif
+
 	/*!
 		how many bits there are in the uint type
 	*/
@@ -137,15 +164,37 @@ namespace ttmath
 		which are kept in built-in variables for a Big<> type
 		(these variables are defined in ttmathbig.h)
 	*/
-	#define TTMATH_BUILTIN_VARIABLES_SIZE 128u
+	#define TTMATH_BUILTIN_VARIABLES_SIZE 256u
+
+	/*!
+		this macro returns the number of machine words 
+		capable to hold min_bits bits
+		e.g. TTMATH_BITS(128) returns 4
+	*/
+	#define TTMATH_BITS(min_bits) ((min_bits-1)/32 + 1)
 
 #else
 
 	/*!
 		on 64bit platforms one word (uint, sint) will be equal 64bits
 	*/
+	#ifdef _MSC_VER
+		/* in VC 'long' type has 32 bits, __int64 is VC extension */
+		typedef unsigned __int64 uint;
+		typedef signed   __int64 sint;
+	#else
 		typedef unsigned long uint;
 		typedef signed   long sint;
+	#endif 
+
+	/*!
+		on 64bit platform we do not define ulint
+		sizeof(long long) is 8 (64bit) but we need 128bit
+
+		on 64 bit platform (when there is defined TTMATH_NOASM macro)
+		methods UInt::MulTwoWords and UInt::DivTwoWords are using other algorithms than those on 32 bit
+	*/
+	//typedef unsigned long long int ulint;
 
 	/*!
 		how many bits there are in the uint type
@@ -168,29 +217,31 @@ namespace ttmath
 		which are kept in built-in variables for a Big<> type
 		(these variables are defined in ttmathbig.h)
 	*/
-	#define TTMATH_BUILTIN_VARIABLES_SIZE 64ul
+	#define TTMATH_BUILTIN_VARIABLES_SIZE 128ul
+
+	/*!
+		this macro returns the number of machine words 
+		capable to hold min_bits bits
+		e.g. TTMATH_BITS(128) returns 2
+	*/
+	#define TTMATH_BITS(min_bits) ((min_bits-1)/64 + 1)
 
 #endif
 }
 
 
+#if defined(TTMATH_MULTITHREADS) && !defined(TTMATH_MULTITHREADS_NOSYNC)
+	#if !defined(TTMATH_POSIX_THREADS) && !defined(TTMATH_WIN32_THREADS)
 
-/*!
+		#if defined(_WIN32)
-	characters which represent the comma operator
+			#define TTMATH_WIN32_THREADS
+		#elif defined(unix) || defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix)
+			#define TTMATH_POSIX_THREADS
+		#endif
 
-	TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_1 is used in reading (parsing) and in writing
+	#endif
-	TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_2 can be used in reading as an auxiliary comma character
+#endif
-	that means you can input values for example 1.2345 and 1,2345 as well
 
-	if you don't want it just put 0 there e.g.
-		#define TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_2 0
-	then only TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_1 will be used
-
-	don't put there any special character which is used by the parser
-	(for example a semicolon ';' shouldn't be there)
-*/
-#define TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_1 '.'
-#define TTMATH_COMMA_CHARACTER_2 ','
 
 
 /*!
@@ -209,10 +260,59 @@ namespace ttmath
 
 
 
+/*!
+	this is a limit when calculating Karatsuba multiplication
+	if the size of a vector is smaller than TTMATH_USE_KARATSUBA_MULTIPLICATION_FROM_SIZE
+	the Karatsuba algorithm will use standard schoolbook multiplication
+*/
+#ifdef TTMATH_DEBUG_LOG
+	// if TTMATH_DEBUG_LOG is defined then we should use the same size regardless of the compiler
+	#define TTMATH_USE_KARATSUBA_MULTIPLICATION_FROM_SIZE 3
+#else
+	#ifdef __GNUC__
+		#define TTMATH_USE_KARATSUBA_MULTIPLICATION_FROM_SIZE 3
+	#else
+		#define TTMATH_USE_KARATSUBA_MULTIPLICATION_FROM_SIZE 5
+	#endif
+#endif
+
+
+/*!
+	this is a special value used when calculating the Gamma(x) function
+	if x is greater than this value then the Gamma(x) will be calculated using
+	some kind of series
+
+	don't use smaller values than about 100
+*/
+#define TTMATH_GAMMA_BOUNDARY 2000
+
+
+
+
 
 namespace ttmath
 {
 
+	/*!
+		lib type codes:
+		  asm_vc_32   - with asm code designed for Microsoft Visual C++ (32 bits)
+		  asm_gcc_32  - with asm code designed for GCC (32 bits)
+		  asm_vc_64   - with asm for VC (64 bit)
+		  asm_gcc_64  - with asm for GCC (64 bit)
+		  no_asm_32   - pure C++ version (32 bit) - without any asm code
+		  no_asm_64   - pure C++ version (64 bit) - without any asm code
+	*/
+	enum LibTypeCode
+	{
+	  asm_vc_32 = 0,
+	  asm_gcc_32,
+	  asm_vc_64,
+	  asm_gcc_64,
+	  no_asm_32,
+	  no_asm_64
+	};
+
+
 	/*!
 		error codes
 	*/
@@ -243,10 +343,132 @@ namespace ttmath
 		err_object_exists,
 		err_unknown_object,
 		err_still_calculating,
-		err_too_big_factorial
+		err_in_short_form_used_function,
+		err_percent_from
 	};
 
 
+	/*!
+		this struct is used when converting to/from a string
+		/temporarily only in Big::ToString() and Big::FromString()/
+	*/
+	struct Conv
+	{
+		/*!
+			base (radix) on which the value will be shown (or read)
+			default: 10
+		*/
+		uint base;
+
+
+		/*!
+			used only in Big::ToString()
+			if true the value will be always shown in the scientific mode, e.g: 123e+30
+			default: false
+		*/
+		bool scient;
+
+
+		/*!
+			used only in Big::ToString()
+			if scient is false then the value will be print in the scientific mode
+			only if the exponent is greater than scien_from
+			default: 15
+		*/
+		sint scient_from;
+
+
+		/*!
+			if 'base_round' is true and 'base' is different from 2, 4, 8, or 16
+			and the result value is not an integer then we make an additional rounding
+			(after converting the last digit from the result is skipped)
+			default: true
+
+			e.g.
+			Conv c;
+			c.base_round = false;
+			Big<1, 1> a = "0.1";                       // decimal input
+			std::cout << a.ToString(c) << std::endl;   // the result is: 0.099999999
+		*/
+		bool base_round;
+
+
+		/*!
+			used only in Big::ToString()
+			tells how many digits after comma are possible
+			default: -1 which means all digits are printed
+
+			set it to zero if you want integer value only
+
+			for example when the value is:
+				12.345678 and 'round' is 4
+			then the result will be 
+				12.3457   (the last digit was rounded)
+		*/
+		sint round;
+
+
+		/*!
+			if true that not mattered digits in the mantissa will be cut off
+			(zero characters at the end -- after the comma operator)
+			e.g. 1234,78000 will be: 1234,78
+			default: true
+		*/
+		bool trim_zeroes;
+
+
+		/*!
+			the main comma operator (used when reading and writing)
+			default is a dot '.'
+		*/
+		uint comma;
+
+
+		/*!
+			additional comma operator (used only when reading) 
+			if you don't want it just set it to zero
+			default is a comma ','
+
+			this allowes you to convert from a value:
+			123.45 as well as from 123,45
+		*/
+		uint comma2;
+
+
+		/*!
+			it sets the character which is used for grouping
+			if group=' ' then: 1234,56789 will be printed as: 1 234,567 89
+
+			if you don't want grouping just set it to zero (which is default)
+		*/
+		uint group;
+
+
+		/*!
+		*/
+		uint group_exp; // not implemented yet
+
+
+
+
+		Conv()
+		{
+			// default values
+			base         = 10;
+			scient       = false;
+			scient_from  = 15;
+			base_round   = true;
+			round        = -1;
+			trim_zeroes  = true;
+			comma        = '.';
+			comma2       = ',';
+			group        = 0;
+			group_exp    = 0;
+		}
+	};
+
+
+
 	/*!
 		this simple class can be used in multithreading model
 		(you can write your own class derived from this one)
@@ -300,7 +522,7 @@ namespace ttmath
 		can throw an exception of this type
 
 		If you compile with gcc you can get a small benefit 
-		from using method Where() (it returns std::string with
+		from using method Where() (it returns std::string) with
 		the name and the line of a file where the macro TTMATH_REFERENCE_ASSERT
 		was used)
 
@@ -320,7 +542,7 @@ namespace ttmath
 			foo.Add(foo);
 		but there are only few methods which can do that
 	*/
-	class ReferenceError : public std::logic_error, ExceptionInfo
+	class ReferenceError : public std::logic_error, public ExceptionInfo
 	{
 	public:
 
@@ -348,11 +570,11 @@ namespace ttmath
 		of this type
 
 		if you compile with gcc you can get a small benefit 
-		from using method Where() (it returns std::string with
+		from using method Where() (it returns std::string) with
 		the name and the line of a file where the macro TTMATH_ASSERT
 		was used)
 	*/
-	class RuntimeError : public std::runtime_error, ExceptionInfo
+	class RuntimeError : public std::runtime_error, public ExceptionInfo
 	{
 	public:
 
@@ -401,7 +623,24 @@ namespace ttmath
 	#endif
 
 
+
+	#ifdef TTMATH_DEBUG_LOG
+		#define TTMATH_LOG(msg)                             PrintLog(msg, std::cout);
+		#define TTMATH_LOGC(msg, carry)                     PrintLog(msg, carry, std::cout);
+		#define TTMATH_VECTOR_LOG(msg, vector, len)         PrintVectorLog(msg, std::cout, vector, len);
+		#define TTMATH_VECTOR_LOGC(msg, carry, vector, len) PrintVectorLog(msg, carry, std::cout, vector, len);
+	#else
+		#define TTMATH_LOG(msg)
+		#define TTMATH_LOGC(msg, carry)
+		#define TTMATH_VECTOR_LOG(msg, vector, len)
+		#define TTMATH_VECTOR_LOGC(msg, carry, vector, len)
+	#endif
+
+
+
+
 } // namespace
 
 
 #endif
+

ttmath/ttmathuint64.h

@@ -1,943 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is a part of TTMath Mathematical Library
- * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
- * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@slimaczek.pl>
- */
-
-/* 
- * Copyright (c) 2006-2007, Tomasz Sowa
- * All rights reserved.
- * 
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- * 
- *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
- *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *    
- *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *    
- *  * Neither the name Tomasz Sowa nor the names of contributors to this
- *    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
- * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
- * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
- * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
- * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
- * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
- * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
- * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
- * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
- * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-
-
-/*!
-	\file ttmathuint.h
-    \brief template class UInt<uint> for 64bit processors
-*/
-
-
-namespace ttmath
-{
-
-	/*!
-	*
-	*	basic mathematic functions
-	*
-	*/
-
-#ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM64
-
-
-
-	/*!
-		in 64bit platforms we must define additional operators and contructors
-		in order to allow a user initializing the objects in this way:
-			UInt<...> type = 20;
-		or
-			UInt<...> type; 
-			type = 30;
-
-		decimal constants such as 20, 30 etc. are integer literal of type int,
-		if the value is greater it can even be long int,
-		0 is an octal integer of type int
-		(ISO 14882 p2.13.1 Integer literals)
-	*/
-
-	/*!
-		this operator converts the unsigned int type to this class
-
-		***this operator is created only on a 64bit platform***
-		it takes one argument of 32bit
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	UInt<value_size> & UInt<value_size>::operator=(unsigned int i)
-	{
-		FromUInt(uint(i));
-
-	return *this;
-	}
-
-
-	/*!
-		a constructor for converting the unsigned int to this class
-
-		***this constructor is created only on a 64bit platform***
-		it takes one argument of 32bit
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	UInt<value_size>::UInt(unsigned int i)
-	{
-		FromUInt(uint(i));
-	}
-
-
-	/*!
-		an operator for converting the signed int to this class
-
-		***this constructor is created only on a 64bit platform***
-		it takes one argument of 32bit
-
-		look at the description of UInt::operator=(sint)
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	UInt<value_size> & UInt<value_size>::operator=(signed int i)
-	{
-		FromUInt(uint(i));
-
-	return *this;
-	}
-
-
-	/*!
-		a constructor for converting the signed int to this class
-
-		***this constructor is created only on a 64bit platform***
-		it takes one argument of 32bit
-
-		look at the description of UInt::operator=(sint)
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	UInt<value_size>::UInt(signed int i)
-	{
-		FromUInt(uint(i));
-	}
-
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method copies the value stored in an another table
-		(warning: first values in temp_table are the highest words -- it's different
-		from our table)
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		we copy as many words as it is possible
-		
-		if temp_table_len is bigger than value_size we'll try to round 
-		the lowest word from table depending on the last not used bit in temp_table
-		(this rounding isn't a perfect rounding -- look at the description below)
-
-		and if temp_table_len is smaller than value_size we'll clear the rest words
-		in the table
-
-		warning: we're using 'temp_table' as a pointer at 32bit words
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	void UInt<value_size>::SetFromTable(const unsigned int * temp_table, uint temp_table_len)
-	{
-		uint temp_table_index = 0;
-		sint i; // 'i' with a sign
-
-		for(i=value_size-1 ; i>=0 && temp_table_index<temp_table_len; --i, ++temp_table_index)
-		{
-			table[i] = uint(temp_table[ temp_table_index ]) << 32;
-
-			++temp_table_index;
-
-			if( temp_table_index<temp_table_len )
-				table[i] |= temp_table[ temp_table_index ];
-		}
-
-
-		// rounding mantissa
-		if( temp_table_index < temp_table_len )
-		{
-			if( (temp_table[temp_table_index] & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT) != 0 )
-			{
-				/*
-					very simply rounding
-					if the bit from not used last word from temp_table is set to one
-					we're rouding the lowest word in the table
-
-					in fact there should be a normal addition but
-					we don't use Add() or AddTwoInts() because these methods 
-					can set a carry and then there'll be a small problem
-					for optimization
-				*/
-				if( table[0] != TTMATH_UINT_MAX_VALUE )
-					++table[0];
-			}
-		}
-
-		// cleaning the rest of the mantissa
-		for( ; i >= 0 ; --i)
-			table[i] = 0;
-	}
-
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method adding ss2 to the this and adding carry if it's defined
-		(this = this + ss2 + c)
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		c must be zero or one (might be a bigger value than 1)
-		function returns carry (1) (if it was)
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	uint UInt<value_size>::Add(const UInt<value_size> & ss2, uint c)
-	{
-	register uint b = value_size;
-	register uint * p1 = table;
-	register uint * p2 = const_cast<uint*>(ss2.table);
-
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-			
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-			/*
-				this part should be compiled with gcc
-			*/
-			__asm__ __volatile__(
-			
-				"push %%rbx				\n"
-				"push %%rcx				\n"
-				"push %%rdx				\n"
-			
-				"movq $0, %%rax			\n"
-				"subq %%rsi, %%rax		\n"
-
-			"1:							\n"
-				"movq (%%rbx),%%rax		\n"
-				"adcq (%%rdx),%%rax		\n"
-				"movq %%rax,(%%rbx)		\n"
-				
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				
-			"loop 1b					\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rax			\n"
-				"adcq %%rax,%%rax		\n"
-				"movq %%rax, %%rsi		\n" 
-
-				"pop %%rdx				\n"
-				"pop %%rcx				\n"
-				"pop %%rbx				\n"
-
-				: "=S" (c)
-				: "0" (c), "c" (b), "b" (p1), "d" (p2)
-				: "%rax", "cc", "memory" );
-
-		#endif
-
-
-	
-	return c;
-	}
-
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method adds one word (at a specific position)
-		and returns a carry (if it was)
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-
-		if we've got (value_size=3):
-			table[0] = 10;
-			table[1] = 30;
-			table[2] = 5;	
-		and we call:
-			AddInt(2,1)
-		then it'll be:
-			table[0] = 10;
-			table[1] = 30 + 2;
-			table[2] = 5;
-
-		of course if there was a carry from table[3] it would be returned
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	uint UInt<value_size>::AddInt(uint value, uint index)
-	{
-	register uint b = value_size;
-	register uint * p1 = table;
-	register uint c;
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-			__asm__ __volatile__(
-				"push %%rbx						\n"
-				"push %%rcx						\n"
-				"push %%rdx						\n"
-
-				"subq %%rdx, %%rcx 				\n"
-
-				"leaq (%%rbx,%%rdx,8), %%rbx 	\n"
-
-				"movq %%rsi, %%rdx				\n"
-				"clc							\n"
-			"1:									\n"
-
-				"movq (%%rbx), %%rax			\n"
-				"adcq %%rdx, %%rax				\n"
-				"movq %%rax, (%%rbx)			\n"
-
-			"jnc 2f								\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rdx					\n"
-
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-
-			"loop 1b							\n"
-
-			"2:									\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rax					\n"
-				"adcq %%rax,%%rax				\n"
-
-				"pop %%rdx						\n"
-				"pop %%rcx						\n"
-				"pop %%rbx						\n"
-
-				: "=a" (c)
-				: "c" (b), "d" (index), "b" (p1), "S" (value)
-				: "cc", "memory" );
-
-		#endif
-
-	
-	return c;
-	}
-
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method adds only two unsigned words to the existing value
-		and these words begin on the 'index' position
-		(it's used in the multiplication algorithm 2)
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		index should be equal or smaller than value_size-2 (index <= value_size-2)
-		x1 - lower word, x2 - higher word
-
-		for example if we've got value_size equal 4 and:
-			table[0] = 3
-			table[1] = 4
-			table[2] = 5
-			table[3] = 6
-		then let
-			x1 = 10
-			x2 = 20
-		and
-			index = 1
-
-		the result of this method will be:
-			table[0] = 3
-			table[1] = 4 + x1 = 14
-			table[2] = 5 + x2 = 25
-			table[3] = 6
-		
-		and no carry at the end of table[3]
-
-		(of course if there was a carry in table[2](5+20) then 
-		this carry would be passed to the table[3] etc.)
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	uint UInt<value_size>::AddTwoInts(uint x2, uint x1, uint index)
-	{
-	register uint b = value_size;
-	register uint * p1 = table;
-	register uint c;
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-			__asm__ __volatile__(
-			
-				"push %%rbx						\n"
-				"push %%rcx						\n"
-				"push %%rdx						\n"
-
-				"subq %%rdx, %%rcx 				\n"
-				
-				"leaq (%%rbx,%%rdx,8), %%rbx 	\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rdx					\n"
-
-				"movq (%%rbx), %%rax			\n"
-				"addq %%rsi, %%rax					\n"
-				"movq %%rax, (%%rbx)			\n"
-
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-
-				"movq (%%rbx), %%rax			\n"
-				"adcq %%rdi, %%rax					\n"
-				"movq %%rax, (%%rbx)			\n"
-			"jnc 2f								\n"
-
-				"dec %%rcx						\n"
-				"dec %%rcx						\n"
-			"jz 2f								\n"
-
-			"1:									\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-
-				"movq (%%rbx), %%rax			\n"
-				"adcq %%rdx, %%rax				\n"
-				"movq %%rax, (%%rbx)			\n"
-
-			"jnc 2f								\n"
-
-			"loop 1b							\n"
-
-			"2:									\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rax					\n"
-				"adcq %%rax,%%rax				\n"
-
-				"pop %%rdx						\n"
-				"pop %%rcx						\n"
-				"pop %%rbx						\n"
-
-				: "=a" (c)
-				: "c" (b), "d" (index), "b" (p1), "S" (x1), "D" (x2)
-				: "cc", "memory" );
-
-		#endif
-
-	
-	return c;
-	}
-
-
-
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method's subtracting ss2 from the 'this' and subtracting
-		carry if it has been defined
-		(this = this - ss2 - c)
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		c must be zero or one (might be a bigger value than 1)
-		function returns carry (1) (if it was)
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	uint UInt<value_size>::Sub(const UInt<value_size> & ss2, uint c)
-	{
-	register uint b = value_size;
-	register uint * p1 = table;
-	register uint * p2 = const_cast<uint*>(ss2.table);
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-			__asm__  __volatile__(
-			
-				"push %%rbx				\n"
-				"push %%rcx				\n"
-				"push %%rdx				\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rax			\n"
-				"subq %%rsi, %%rax		\n"
-
-			"1:							\n"
-				"movq (%%rbx),%%rax		\n"
-				"sbbq (%%rdx),%%rax		\n"
-				"movq %%rax,(%%rbx)		\n"
-				
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				"inc %%rbx				\n"
-				
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				"inc %%rdx				\n"
-				
-			"loop 1b					\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rax			\n"
-				"adcq %%rax,%%rax		\n"
-				"movq %%rax, %%rsi		\n" 
-
-				"pop %%rdx				\n"
-				"pop %%rcx				\n"
-				"pop %%rbx				\n"
-
-				: "=S" (c)
-				: "0" (c), "c" (b), "b" (p1), "d" (p2)
-				: "%rax", "cc", "memory" );
-
-		#endif
-
-
-	return c;
-	}
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method subtracts one word (at a specific position)
-		and returns a carry (if it was)
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		if we've got (value_size=3):
-			table[0] = 10;
-			table[1] = 30;
-			table[2] = 5;	
-		and we call:
-			SubInt(2,1)
-		then it'll be:
-			table[0] = 10;
-			table[1] = 30 - 2;
-			table[2] = 5;
-
-		of course if there was a carry from table[3] it would be returned
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	uint UInt<value_size>::SubInt(uint value, uint index)
-	{
-	register uint b = value_size;
-	register uint * p1 = table;
-	register uint c;
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-			__asm__ __volatile__(
-			
-				"push %%rbx						\n"
-				"push %%rcx						\n"
-				"push %%rdx						\n"
-
-				"subq %%rdx, %%rcx 				\n"
-
-				"leaq (%%rbx,%%rdx,8), %%rbx 	\n"
-
-				"movq %%rsi, %%rdx					\n"
-				"clc							\n"
-			"1:									\n"
-
-				"movq (%%rbx), %%rax			\n"
-				"sbbq %%rdx, %%rax				\n"
-				"movq %%rax, (%%rbx)			\n"
-
-			"jnc 2f								\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rdx					\n"
-
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-				"inc %%rbx						\n"
-
-			"loop 1b							\n"
-
-			"2:									\n"
-
-				"movq $0, %%rax					\n"
-				"adcq %%rax,%%rax				\n"
-
-				"pop %%rdx						\n"
-				"pop %%rcx						\n"
-				"pop %%rbx						\n"
-
-				: "=a" (c)
-				: "c" (b), "d" (index), "b" (p1), "S" (value)
-				: "cc", "memory" );
-
-		#endif
-
-	
-	return c;
-	}
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method moving once all bits into the left side
-		return value <- this <- C
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		the lowest bit will hold value of 'c' and
-		function returns the highest bit
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	uint UInt<value_size>::Rcl(uint c)
-	{
-	register sint b = value_size;
-	register uint * p1 = table;
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-		__asm__  __volatile__(
-		
-			"push %%rbx			\n"
-			"push %%rcx			\n"
-			
-			"movq $0,%%rax		\n"
-			"subq %%rdx,%%rax	\n"
-		
-		"1:						\n"
-			"rclq $1,(%%rbx)	\n"
-			
-			"inc %%rbx			\n"
-			"inc %%rbx			\n"
-			"inc %%rbx			\n"
-			"inc %%rbx			\n"
-			"inc %%rbx			\n"
-			"inc %%rbx			\n"
-			"inc %%rbx			\n"
-			"inc %%rbx			\n"
-			
-		"loop 1b				\n"
-			
-			"movq $0, %%rdx		\n"
-			"adcq %%rdx,%%rdx	\n"
-
-			"pop %%rcx			\n"
-			"pop %%rbx			\n"
-
-			: "=d" (c)
-			: "0" (c), "c" (b), "b" (p1)
-			: "%rax", "cc", "memory" );
-
-		#endif
-
-
-	return c;
-	}
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method moving once all bits into the right side
-		C -> *this -> return value
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		the highest bit will be held value of 'c' and
-		function returns the lowest bit
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	uint UInt<value_size>::Rcr(uint c)
-	{
-	register sint b = value_size;
-	register uint * p1 = table;
-
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-			__asm__  __volatile__(
-
-			"push %%rbx			\n"
-			"push %%rcx			\n"
-
-			"leaq (%%rbx,%%rcx,8),%%rbx  \n"
-		
-			"movq $0, %%rax		\n"
-			"subq %%rdx, %%rax	\n"
-
-		"1:						\n"
-			"dec %%rbx			\n"
-			"dec %%rbx			\n"
-			"dec %%rbx			\n"
-			"dec %%rbx			\n"
-			"dec %%rbx			\n"
-			"dec %%rbx			\n"
-			"dec %%rbx			\n"
-			"dec %%rbx			\n"
-			
-			"rcrq $1,(%%rbx)	\n"
-			
-		"loop 1b				\n"
-
-			"movq $0, %%rdx		\n"
-			"adcq %%rdx,%%rdx	\n"
-
-			"pop %%rcx			\n"
-			"pop %%rbx			\n"
-
-			: "=d" (c)
-			: "0" (c), "c" (b), "b" (p1)
-			: "%rax", "cc", "memory" );
-
-		#endif
-
-
-	return c;
-	}
-
-
-	/*
-		this method returns the number of the highest set bit in one 32-bit word
-		if the 'x' is zero this method returns '-1'
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	sint UInt<value_size>::FindLeadingBitInWord(uint x)
-	{
-	register sint result;
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-			__asm__  __volatile__(
-
-
-			"bsrq %%rbx, %%rax	\n"
-			"jnz 1f				\n"
-			"movq $-1, %%rax	\n"
-		"1:						\n"
-
-			: "=a" (result)
-			: "b" (x)
-			: "cc" );
-
-		#endif
-
-
-	return result;
-	}
-
-
-	/*!
-		this method sets a special bit in the 'value'
-		and returns the result
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		bit is from <0,31>
-
-		e.g.
-		SetBitInWord(0,0) = 1
-		SetBitInWord(0,2) = 4
-		SetBitInWord(10, 8) = 266
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	uint UInt<value_size>::SetBitInWord(uint value, uint bit)
-	{
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-			__asm__  __volatile__(
-
-			"btsq %%rbx,%%rax	\n"
-
-			: "=a" (value)
-			: "0" (value), "b" (bit)
-			: "cc" );
-
-		#endif
-
-	return value;
-	}
-
-
-	/*!
-	 *
-	 * Multiplication
-	 *
-	 *
-	*/
-
-
-	/*!
-		multiplication: result2:result1 = a * b
-		result2 - higher word
-		result1 - lower word of the result
-	
-		this methos never returns a carry
-
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		it is an auxiliary method for version two of the multiplication algorithm
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	void UInt<value_size>::MulTwoWords(uint a, uint b, uint * result2, uint * result1)
-	{
-	/*
-		we must use these temporary variables in order to inform the compilator
-		that value pointed with result1 and result2 has changed
-
-		this has no effect in visual studio but it's usefull when
-		using gcc and options like -O
-	*/
-	register uint result1_;
-	register uint result2_;
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-
-		__asm__ __volatile__(
-		
-			"mulq %%rdx			\n"
-
-			: "=a" (result1_), "=d" (result2_)
-			: "0" (a), "1" (b)
-			: "cc" );
-
-		#endif
-
-
-		*result1 = result1_;
-		*result2 = result2_;
-	}
-
-
-
-
-	/*!
-	 *
-	 * Division
-	 *
-	 *
-	*/
-	
-
-	/*!
-		this method calculates 64bits word a:b / 32bits c (a higher, b lower word)
-		r = a:b / c and rest - remainder
-		
-		***this method is created only on a 64bit platform***
-
-		*
-		* WARNING:
-		* if r (one word) is too small for the result or c is equal zero
-		* there'll be a hardware interruption (0)
-		* and probably the end of your program
-		*
-	*/
-	template<uint value_size>
-	void UInt<value_size>::DivTwoWords(uint a,uint b, uint c, uint * r, uint * rest)
-	{
-		register uint r_;
-		register uint rest_;
-		/*
-			these variables have similar meaning like those in
-			the multiplication algorithm MulTwoWords
-		*/
-
-		#ifndef __GNUC__
-			#error "another compiler than GCC is currently not supported in 64bit mode"
-		#endif
-
-		#ifdef __GNUC__
-		
-			__asm__ __volatile__(
-
-			"divq %%rcx				\n"
-
-			: "=a" (r_), "=d" (rest_)
-			: "d" (a), "a" (b), "c" (c)
-			: "cc" );
-
-		#endif
-
-
-		*r = r_;
-		*rest = rest_;
-	}
-
-#endif
-
-} //namespace
-

ttmath/ttmathuint_noasm.h

@@ -0,0 +1,992 @@
+/*
+ * This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
+ * and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
+ * Author: Tomasz Sowa <t.sowa@ttmath.org>
+ */
+
+/* 
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2009, Tomasz Sowa
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ * 
+ *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *    
+ *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *    
+ *  * Neither the name Tomasz Sowa nor the names of contributors to this
+ *    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+ * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef headerfilettmathuint_noasm
+#define headerfilettmathuint_noasm
+
+
+#ifdef TTMATH_NOASM
+
+/*!
+	\file ttmathuint_noasm.h
+    \brief template class UInt<uint> with methods without any assembler code
+
+	this file is included at the end of ttmathuint.h
+*/
+
+
+namespace ttmath
+{
+
+	/*!
+		returning the string represents the currect type of the library
+		we have following types:
+		  asm_vc_32   - with asm code designed for Microsoft Visual C++ (32 bits)
+		  asm_gcc_32  - with asm code designed for GCC (32 bits)
+		  asm_vc_64   - with asm for VC (64 bit)
+		  asm_gcc_64  - with asm for GCC (64 bit)
+		  no_asm_32   - pure C++ version (32 bit) - without any asm code
+		  no_asm_64   - pure C++ version (64 bit) - without any asm code
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	const char * UInt<value_size>::LibTypeStr()
+	{
+		#ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM32
+			static const char info[] = "no_asm_32";
+		#endif		
+
+		#ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM64
+			static const char info[] = "no_asm_64";
+		#endif
+
+	return info;
+	}
+
+	
+	/*!
+		returning the currect type of the library
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	LibTypeCode UInt<value_size>::LibType()
+	{
+		#ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM32
+			LibTypeCode info = no_asm_32;
+		#endif		
+
+		#ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM64
+			LibTypeCode info = no_asm_64;
+		#endif
+
+	return info;
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method adds two words together
+		returns carry
+
+		this method is created only when TTMATH_NOASM macro is defined
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::AddTwoWords(uint a, uint b, uint carry, uint * result)
+	{
+	uint temp;
+
+		if( carry == 0 )
+		{
+			temp = a + b;
+
+			if( temp < a )
+				carry = 1;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			carry = 1;
+			temp  = a + b + carry;
+
+			if( temp > a ) // !(temp<=a)
+				carry = 0;
+		}
+
+		*result = temp;
+
+	return carry;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method adding ss2 to the this and adding carry if it's defined
+		(this = this + ss2 + c)
+
+		c must be zero or one (might be a bigger value than 1)
+		function returns carry (1) (if it was)
+	*/
+	
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::Add(const UInt<value_size> & ss2, uint c)
+	{
+	uint i;
+
+		for(i=0 ; i<value_size ; ++i)
+			c = AddTwoWords(table[i], ss2.table[i], c, &table[i]);
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::Add", c)
+	
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method adds one word (at a specific position)
+		and returns a carry (if it was)
+
+		if we've got (value_size=3):
+			table[0] = 10;
+			table[1] = 30;
+			table[2] = 5;	
+		and we call:
+			AddInt(2,1)
+		then it'll be:
+			table[0] = 10;
+			table[1] = 30 + 2;
+			table[2] = 5;
+
+		of course if there was a carry from table[2] it would be returned
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::AddInt(uint value, uint index)
+	{
+	uint i, c;
+
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( index < value_size )
+
+
+		c = AddTwoWords(table[index], value, 0, &table[index]);
+
+		for(i=index+1 ; i<value_size && c ; ++i)
+			c = AddTwoWords(table[i], 0, c, &table[i]);
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::AddInt", c)
+	
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method adds only two unsigned words to the existing value
+		and these words begin on the 'index' position
+		(it's used in the multiplication algorithm 2)
+
+		index should be equal or smaller than value_size-2 (index <= value_size-2)
+		x1 - lower word, x2 - higher word
+
+		for example if we've got value_size equal 4 and:
+			table[0] = 3
+			table[1] = 4
+			table[2] = 5
+			table[3] = 6
+		then let
+			x1 = 10
+			x2 = 20
+		and
+			index = 1
+
+		the result of this method will be:
+			table[0] = 3
+			table[1] = 4 + x1 = 14
+			table[2] = 5 + x2 = 25
+			table[3] = 6
+		
+		and no carry at the end of table[3]
+
+		(of course if there was a carry in table[2](5+20) then 
+		this carry would be passed to the table[3] etc.)
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::AddTwoInts(uint x2, uint x1, uint index)
+	{
+	uint i, c;
+
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( index < value_size - 1 )
+
+
+		c = AddTwoWords(table[index],   x1, 0, &table[index]);
+		c = AddTwoWords(table[index+1], x2, c, &table[index+1]);
+
+		for(i=index+2 ; i<value_size && c ; ++i)
+			c = AddTwoWords(table[i], 0, c, &table[i]);
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::AddTwoInts", c)
+	
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this static method addes one vector to the other
+		'ss1' is larger in size or equal to 'ss2'
+
+		ss1 points to the first (larger) vector
+		ss2 points to the second vector
+		ss1_size - size of the ss1 (and size of the result too)
+		ss2_size - size of the ss2
+		result - is the result vector (which has size the same as ss1: ss1_size)
+
+		Example:  ss1_size is 5, ss2_size is 3
+		ss1:      ss2:   result (output):
+		  5        1         5+1
+		  4        3         4+3
+		  2        7         2+7
+		  6                  6
+		  9                  9
+	  of course the carry is propagated and will be returned from the last item
+	  (this method is used by the Karatsuba multiplication algorithm)
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::AddVector(const uint * ss1, const uint * ss2, uint ss1_size, uint ss2_size, uint * result)
+	{
+	uint i, c = 0;
+
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( ss1_size >= ss2_size )
+		
+		for(i=0 ; i<ss2_size ; ++i)
+			c = AddTwoWords(ss1[i], ss2[i], c, &result[i]);
+
+		for( ; i<ss1_size ; ++i)
+			c = AddTwoWords(ss1[i], 0, c, &result[i]);
+
+		TTMATH_VECTOR_LOGC("UInt::AddVector", c, result, ss1_size)
+
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method subtractes one word from the other
+		returns carry
+
+		this method is created only when TTMATH_NOASM macro is defined
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::SubTwoWords(uint a, uint b, uint carry, uint * result)
+	{
+		if( carry == 0 )
+		{
+			*result = a - b;
+
+			if( a < b )
+				carry = 1;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			carry   = 1;
+			*result = a - b - carry;
+
+			if( a > b ) // !(a <= b )
+				carry = 0;
+		}
+
+	return carry;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method's subtracting ss2 from the 'this' and subtracting
+		carry if it has been defined
+		(this = this - ss2 - c)
+
+		c must be zero or one (might be a bigger value than 1)
+		function returns carry (1) (if it was)
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::Sub(const UInt<value_size> & ss2, uint c)
+	{
+	uint i;
+
+		for(i=0 ; i<value_size ; ++i)
+			c = SubTwoWords(table[i], ss2.table[i], c, &table[i]);
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::Sub", c)
+
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method subtracts one word (at a specific position)
+		and returns a carry (if it was)
+
+		if we've got (value_size=3):
+			table[0] = 10;
+			table[1] = 30;
+			table[2] = 5;	
+		and we call:
+			SubInt(2,1)
+		then it'll be:
+			table[0] = 10;
+			table[1] = 30 - 2;
+			table[2] = 5;
+
+		of course if there was a carry from table[2] it would be returned
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::SubInt(uint value, uint index)
+	{
+	uint i, c;
+
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( index < value_size )
+
+
+		c = SubTwoWords(table[index], value, 0, &table[index]);
+
+		for(i=index+1 ; i<value_size && c ; ++i)
+			c = SubTwoWords(table[i], 0, c, &table[i]);
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::SubInt", c)
+	
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+	/*!
+		this static method subtractes one vector from the other
+		'ss1' is larger in size or equal to 'ss2'
+
+		ss1 points to the first (larger) vector
+		ss2 points to the second vector
+		ss1_size - size of the ss1 (and size of the result too)
+		ss2_size - size of the ss2
+		result - is the result vector (which has size the same as ss1: ss1_size)
+
+		Example:  ss1_size is 5, ss2_size is 3
+		ss1:      ss2:   result (output):
+		  5        1         5-1
+		  4        3         4-3
+		  2        7         2-7
+		  6                  6-1  (the borrow from previous item)
+		  9                  9
+		                 return (carry): 0
+	  of course the carry (borrow) is propagated and will be returned from the last item
+	  (this method is used by the Karatsuba multiplication algorithm)
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::SubVector(const uint * ss1, const uint * ss2, uint ss1_size, uint ss2_size, uint * result)
+	{
+	uint i, c = 0;
+
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( ss1_size >= ss2_size )
+		
+		for(i=0 ; i<ss2_size ; ++i)
+			c = SubTwoWords(ss1[i], ss2[i], c, &result[i]);
+
+		for( ; i<ss1_size ; ++i)
+			c = SubTwoWords(ss1[i], 0, c, &result[i]);
+
+		TTMATH_VECTOR_LOGC("UInt::SubVector", c, result, ss1_size)
+
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method moves all bits into the left hand side
+		return value <- this <- c
+
+		the lowest *bit* will be held the 'c' and
+		the state of one additional bit (on the left hand side)
+		will be returned
+
+		for example:
+		let this is 001010000
+		after Rcl2_one(1) there'll be 010100001 and Rcl2_one returns 0
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::Rcl2_one(uint c)
+	{
+	uint i, new_c;
+
+		if( c != 0 )
+			c = 1;
+
+		for(i=0 ; i<value_size ; ++i)
+		{
+			new_c    = (table[i] & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT) ? 1 : 0;
+			table[i] = (table[i] << 1) | c;
+			c        = new_c;
+		}
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::Rcl2_one", c)
+
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method moves all bits into the right hand side
+		c -> this -> return value
+
+		the highest *bit* will be held the 'c' and
+		the state of one additional bit (on the right hand side)
+		will be returned
+
+		for example:
+		let this is 000000010
+		after Rcr2_one(1) there'll be 100000001 and Rcr2_one returns 0
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::Rcr2_one(uint c)
+	{
+	sint i; // signed i
+	uint new_c;
+
+		if( c != 0 )
+			c = TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT;
+
+		for(i=sint(value_size)-1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
+		{
+			new_c    = (table[i] & 1) ? TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT : 0;
+			table[i] = (table[i] >> 1) | c;
+			c        = new_c;
+		}
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::Rcr2_one", c)
+
+	return c;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method moves all bits into the left hand side
+		return value <- this <- c
+
+		the lowest *bits* will be held the 'c' and
+		the state of one additional bit (on the left hand side)
+		will be returned
+
+		for example:
+		let this is 001010000
+		after Rcl2(3, 1) there'll be 010000111 and Rcl2 returns 1
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::Rcl2(uint bits, uint c)
+	{
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( bits>0 && bits<TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT )
+
+		uint move = TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT - bits;
+		uint i, new_c;
+
+		if( c != 0 )
+			c = TTMATH_UINT_MAX_VALUE >> move;
+
+		for(i=0 ; i<value_size ; ++i)
+		{
+			new_c    = table[i] >> move;
+			table[i] = (table[i] << bits) | c;
+			c        = new_c;
+		}
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::Rcl2", c)
+
+	return (c & 1);
+	}
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method moves all bits into the right hand side
+		C -> this -> return value
+
+		the highest *bits* will be held the 'c' and
+		the state of one additional bit (on the right hand side)
+		will be returned
+
+		for example:
+		let this is 000000010
+		after Rcr2(2, 1) there'll be 110000000 and Rcr2 returns 1
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::Rcr2(uint bits, uint c)
+	{
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( bits>0 && bits<TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT )
+
+		uint move = TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT - bits;
+		sint i; // signed
+		uint new_c;
+
+		if( c != 0 )
+			c = TTMATH_UINT_MAX_VALUE << move;
+
+		for(i=value_size-1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
+		{
+			new_c    = table[i] << move;
+			table[i] = (table[i] >> bits) | c;
+			c        = new_c;
+		}
+
+		TTMATH_LOGC("UInt::Rcr2", c)
+
+	return (c & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT) ? 1 : 0;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method returns the number of the highest set bit in x
+		if the 'x' is zero this method returns '-1'
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	sint UInt<value_size>::FindLeadingBitInWord(uint x)
+	{
+		if( x == 0 )
+			return -1;
+
+		uint bit = TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT - 1;
+		
+		while( (x & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT) == 0 )
+		{
+			x = x << 1;
+			--bit;
+		}
+
+	return bit;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method sets a special bit in the 'value'
+		and returns the last state of the bit (zero or one)
+
+		bit is from <0,TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT-1>
+
+		e.g.
+		 uint x = 100;
+		 uint bit = SetBitInWord(x, 3);
+		 now: x = 108 and bit = 0
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::SetBitInWord(uint & value, uint bit)
+	{
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( bit < TTMATH_BITS_PER_UINT )
+
+		uint mask = 1;
+
+		if( bit > 0 )
+			mask = mask << bit;
+
+		uint last = value & mask;
+		value     = value | mask;
+
+	return (last != 0) ? 1 : 0;
+	}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+	 *
+	 * Multiplication
+	 *
+	 *
+	*/
+
+
+	/*!
+		multiplication: result_high:result_low = a * b
+		result_high - higher word of the result
+		result_low  - lower word of the result
+	
+		this methos never returns a carry
+		this method is used in the second version of the multiplication algorithms
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	void UInt<value_size>::MulTwoWords(uint a, uint b, uint * result_high, uint * result_low)
+	{
+	#ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM32
+
+		/*
+			on 32bit platforms we have defined 'unsigned long long int' type known as 'ulint' in ttmath namespace
+			this type has 64 bits, then we're using only one multiplication: 32bit * 32bit = 64bit
+		*/
+
+		union uint_
+		{
+			struct
+			{
+				uint low;  // 32 bits
+				uint high; // 32 bits
+			} u_;
+
+			ulint u;       // 64 bits
+		} res;
+
+		res.u = ulint(a) * ulint(b);     // multiply two 32bit words, the result has 64 bits
+
+		*result_high = res.u_.high;
+		*result_low  = res.u_.low;
+
+	#else
+
+		/*
+			64 bits platforms
+
+			we don't have a native type which has 128 bits
+			then we're splitting 'a' and 'b' to 4 parts (high and low halves)
+			and using 4 multiplications (with additions and carry correctness)
+		*/
+
+		uint_ a_;
+		uint_ b_;
+		uint_ res_high1, res_high2;
+		uint_ res_low1,  res_low2;
+		
+		a_.u = a;
+		b_.u = b;
+
+		/*
+			the multiplication is as follows (schoolbook algorithm with O(n^2) ):
+
+                                                   32 bits         32 bits
+
+                                             +--------------------------------+
+                                             |   a_.u_.high   |   a_.u_.low   |
+                                             +--------------------------------+
+                                             |   b_.u_.high   |   b_.u_.low   |
+            +--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
+            |           res_high1.u          |           res_low1.u           |
+            +--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
+            |           res_high2.u          |           res_low2.u           |
+            +--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
+
+                          64 bits                          64 bits
+		*/
+
+
+		uint_ temp;
+
+		res_low1.u        = uint(b_.u_.low) * uint(a_.u_.low);
+
+		temp.u            = uint(res_low1.u_.high) + uint(b_.u_.low) * uint(a_.u_.high);
+		res_low1.u_.high  = temp.u_.low;
+		res_high1.u_.low  = temp.u_.high;
+		res_high1.u_.high = 0;
+
+		res_low2.u_.low   = 0;
+		temp.u            = uint(b_.u_.high) * uint(a_.u_.low);
+		res_low2.u_.high  = temp.u_.low;
+
+		res_high2.u       = uint(b_.u_.high) * uint(a_.u_.high) + uint(temp.u_.high);
+
+		uint c = AddTwoWords(res_low1.u, res_low2.u, 0, &res_low2.u);
+		AddTwoWords(res_high1.u, res_high2.u, c, &res_high2.u);                 // there is no carry from here
+
+		*result_high = res_high2.u;
+		*result_low  = res_low2.u;
+
+	#endif
+	}
+
+
+
+
+	/*!
+	 *
+	 * Division
+	 *
+	 *
+	*/
+	
+
+	/*!
+		this method calculates 64bits word a:b / 32bits c (a higher, b lower word)
+		r = a:b / c and rest - remainder
+		
+		*
+		* WARNING:
+		* the c has to be suitably large for the result being keeped in one word,
+		* if c is equal zero there'll be a hardware interruption (0)
+		* and probably the end of your program
+		*
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	void UInt<value_size>::DivTwoWords(uint a, uint b, uint c, uint * r, uint * rest)
+	{
+	// (a < c ) for the result to be one word
+	TTMATH_ASSERT( c != 0 && a < c )
+
+	#ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM32
+
+		union
+		{
+			struct
+			{
+				uint low;  // 32 bits
+				uint high; // 32 bits
+			} u_;
+
+			ulint u;       // 64 bits
+		} ab;
+
+		ab.u_.high = a;
+		ab.u_.low  = b;
+
+		*r    = uint(ab.u / c);
+		*rest = uint(ab.u % c);
+
+	#else
+
+		uint_ c_;
+		c_.u = c;
+
+
+		if( a == 0 )
+		{
+			*r    = b / c;
+			*rest = b % c;
+		}
+		else
+		if( c_.u_.high == 0 )
+		{
+			// higher half of 'c' is zero
+			// then higher half of 'a' is zero too (look at the asserts at the beginning - 'a' is smaller than 'c')
+			uint_ a_, b_, res_, temp1, temp2;
+
+			a_.u = a;
+			b_.u = b;
+
+			temp1.u_.high = a_.u_.low;
+			temp1.u_.low  = b_.u_.high;
+
+			res_.u_.high  = (unsigned int)(temp1.u / c);
+			temp2.u_.high = (unsigned int)(temp1.u % c);
+			temp2.u_.low  = b_.u_.low;
+			
+			res_.u_.low  = (unsigned int)(temp2.u / c);
+			*rest        = temp2.u % c;
+
+			*r = res_.u;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			return DivTwoWords2(a, b, c,  r,  rest);
+		}
+
+	#endif
+	}
+
+
+#ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM64
+
+
+	/*!
+		this method is available only on 64bit platforms
+		
+		the same algorithm like the third division algorithm in ttmathuint.h
+		but now with the radix=2^32
+	*/
+	template<uint value_size>
+	void UInt<value_size>::DivTwoWords2(uint a, uint b, uint c, uint * r, uint * rest)
+	{
+		// a is not zero
+		// c_.u_.high is not zero
+
+		uint_ a_, b_, c_, u_, q_;
+		unsigned int u3; // 32 bit
+
+		a_.u  = a;
+		b_.u  = b;
+		c_.u  = c;
+
+		// normalizing
+		uint d = DivTwoWordsNormalize(a_, b_, c_);
+
+		// loop from j=1 to j=0
+		//   the first step (for j=2) is skipped because our result is only in one word,
+		//   (first 'q' were 0 and nothing would be changed)
+		u_.u_.high = a_.u_.high;
+		u_.u_.low  = a_.u_.low;
+		u3         = b_.u_.high;
+		q_.u_.high = DivTwoWordsCalculate(u_, u3, c_);
+		MultiplySubtract(u_, u3, q_.u_.high, c_);
+		
+		u_.u_.high = u_.u_.low;
+		u_.u_.low  = u3;
+		u3         = b_.u_.low;
+		q_.u_.low  = DivTwoWordsCalculate(u_, u3, c_);
+		MultiplySubtract(u_, u3, q_.u_.low, c_);
+
+		*r = q_.u;
+
+		// unnormalizing for the remainder
+		u_.u_.high = u_.u_.low;
+		u_.u_.low  = u3;
+		*rest = DivTwoWordsUnnormalize(u_.u, d);
+	}
+
+
+
+	
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::DivTwoWordsNormalize(uint_ & a_, uint_ & b_, uint_ & c_)
+	{
+		uint d = 0;
+
+		for( ; (c_.u & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT) == 0 ; ++d )
+		{
+			c_.u = c_.u << 1;
+			
+			uint bc = b_.u & TTMATH_UINT_HIGHEST_BIT; // carry from 'b'
+
+			b_.u = b_.u << 1;
+			a_.u = a_.u << 1; // carry bits from 'a' are simply skipped 
+
+			if( bc )
+				a_.u = a_.u | 1;
+		}
+
+	return d;
+	}
+
+
+	template<uint value_size>
+	uint UInt<value_size>::DivTwoWordsUnnormalize(uint u, uint d)
+	{
+		if( d == 0 )
+			return u;
+
+		u = u >> d;
+
+	return u;
+	}
+
+
+	template<uint value_size>
+	unsigned int UInt<value_size>::DivTwoWordsCalculate(uint_ u_, unsigned int u3, uint_ v_)
+	{
+	bool next_test;
+	uint_ qp_, rp_, temp_;
+
+		qp_.u = u_.u / uint(v_.u_.high);
+		rp_.u = u_.u % uint(v_.u_.high);
+
+		TTMATH_ASSERT( qp_.u_.high==0 || qp_.u_.high==1 )
+
+		do
+		{
+			bool decrease = false;
+
+			if( qp_.u_.high == 1 )
+				decrease = true;
+			else
+			{
+				temp_.u_.high = rp_.u_.low;
+				temp_.u_.low  = u3;
+
+				if( qp_.u * uint(v_.u_.low) > temp_.u )
+					decrease = true;
+			}
+			
+			next_test = false;
+
+			if( decrease )
+			{
+				--qp_.u;
+				rp_.u += v_.u_.high;
+
+				if( rp_.u_.high == 0 ) 
+					next_test = true;
+			}
+		}
+		while( next_test );
+
+	return qp_.u_.low;
+	}
+
+
+	template<uint value_size>
+	void UInt<value_size>::MultiplySubtract(uint_ & u_, unsigned int & u3, unsigned int & q, uint_ v_)
+	{
+	uint_ temp_;
+		
+		uint res_high;
+		uint res_low;
+
+		MulTwoWords(v_.u, q, &res_high, &res_low);
+
+		uint_ sub_res_high_;
+		uint_ sub_res_low_;
+
+		temp_.u_.high = u_.u_.low;
+		temp_.u_.low  = u3;
+
+		uint c = SubTwoWords(temp_.u, res_low, 0, &sub_res_low_.u);
+			
+		temp_.u_.high = 0;
+		temp_.u_.low  = u_.u_.high;
+		c = SubTwoWords(temp_.u, res_high, c, &sub_res_high_.u);
+
+		if( c )
+		{
+			--q;
+
+			c = AddTwoWords(sub_res_low_.u, v_.u, 0, &sub_res_low_.u);
+			AddTwoWords(sub_res_high_.u, 0, c, &sub_res_high_.u);
+		}
+
+		u_.u_.high = sub_res_high_.u_.low;
+		u_.u_.low  = sub_res_low_.u_.high;
+		u3         = sub_res_low_.u_.low;
+	}
+
+#endif // #ifdef TTMATH_PLATFORM64
+
+
+
+} //namespace
+
+
+#endif //ifdef TTMATH_NOASM
+#endif
+
+
+
+

ttmath/ttmathuint_x86_64_msvc.asm

@@ -0,0 +1,548 @@
+;
+; This file is a part of TTMath Bignum Library
+; and is distributed under the (new) BSD licence.
+; Author: Christian Kaiser <chk@online.de>
+;
+
+; 
+; Copyright (c) 2009, Christian Kaiser
+; All rights reserved.
+; 
+; Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+; modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+; 
+;  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+;    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+;    
+;  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+;    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+;    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+;    
+;  * Neither the name Christian Kaiser nor the names of contributors to this
+;    project may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+;    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+;
+; THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+; AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+; IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+; ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+; LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+; CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+; SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+; INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+; CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+; ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
+; THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+;
+
+;
+; compile with debug info:    ml64.exe /Zd /Zi ttmathuint_x86_64_msvc.asm
+; compile without debug info: ml64.exe ttmathuint_x86_64_msvc.asm
+; this create ttmathuint_x86_64_msvc.obj file which can be linked with your program
+;
+
+PUBLIC	ttmath_adc_x64
+PUBLIC	ttmath_addindexed_x64
+PUBLIC	ttmath_addindexed2_x64
+PUBLIC	ttmath_addvector_x64
+
+PUBLIC	ttmath_sbb_x64
+PUBLIC	ttmath_subindexed_x64
+PUBLIC	ttmath_subvector_x64
+
+PUBLIC	ttmath_rcl_x64
+PUBLIC	ttmath_rcr_x64
+
+PUBLIC	ttmath_rcl2_x64
+PUBLIC	ttmath_rcr2_x64
+
+PUBLIC	ttmath_div_x64
+
+;
+; Microsoft x86_64 convention: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/9b372w95.aspx
+;
+;	"rax, rcx, rdx, r8-r11 are volatile."
+;	"rbx, rbp, rdi, rsi, r12-r15 are nonvolatile."
+;
+
+
+.CODE
+
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_adc_x64				PROC
+        ; rcx = p1
+        ; rdx = p2
+        ; r8 = nSize
+        ; r9 = nCarry
+
+        xor		rax, rax
+        xor		r11, r11
+        sub		rax, r9		; sets CARRY if r9 != 0
+
+		ALIGN 16
+ loop1:
+		mov		rax,qword ptr [rdx + r11 * 8]
+		adc		qword ptr [rcx + r11 * 8], rax
+		lea		r11, [r11+1]
+		dec		r8
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		setc	al
+		movzx	rax, al
+
+		ret
+
+ttmath_adc_x64				ENDP
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_addindexed_x64	PROC
+
+        ; rcx = p1
+        ; rdx = nSize
+        ; r8 = nPos
+        ; r9 = nValue
+
+		xor		rax, rax			; rax = result
+		sub		rdx, r8				; rdx = remaining count of uints
+
+		add		qword ptr [rcx + r8 * 8], r9
+		jc		next1
+
+		ret
+
+next1:
+		mov		r9, 1
+
+		ALIGN 16
+loop1:
+		dec		rdx
+		jz		done_with_cy
+		lea		r8, [r8+1]
+		add		qword ptr [rcx + r8 * 8], r9
+		jc		loop1
+
+		ret
+
+done_with_cy:
+		lea		rax, [rax+1]		; rax = 1
+
+		ret
+
+ttmath_addindexed_x64	ENDP
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_addindexed2_x64	PROC
+
+        ; rcx = p1 (pointer)
+        ; rdx = b  (value size)
+        ; r8 = nPos
+        ; r9 = nValue1
+        ; [esp+0x28] = nValue2
+
+		xor		rax, rax			; return value
+		mov		r11, rcx			; table
+		sub		rdx, r8				; rdx = remaining count of uints
+		mov		r10, [esp+028h]		; r10 = nValue2
+
+		add		qword ptr [r11 + r8 * 8], r9
+		lea		r8, [r8+1]
+		lea		rdx, [rdx-1]
+		adc		qword ptr [r11 + r8 * 8], r10
+		jc		next
+		ret
+
+		ALIGN 16
+loop1:
+		lea		r8, [r8+1]
+		add		qword ptr [r11 + r8 * 8], 1
+		jc		next
+		ret
+
+next:
+		dec		rdx					; does not modify CY too...
+		jnz		loop1
+		lea		rax, [rax+1]
+		ret
+
+ttmath_addindexed2_x64	ENDP
+
+
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+
+ttmath_addvector_x64				PROC
+        ; rcx = ss1
+        ; rdx = ss2
+        ; r8 = ss1_size
+        ; r9 = ss2_size
+        ; [esp+0x28] = result
+
+		mov		r10, [esp+028h]
+		sub		r8, r9
+        xor		r11, r11				; r11=0, cf=0
+
+		ALIGN 16
+ loop1:
+		mov		rax, qword ptr [rcx + r11 * 8]
+		adc		rax, qword ptr [rdx + r11 * 8]
+		mov		qword ptr [r10 + r11 * 8], rax
+		inc		r11
+		dec		r9
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		adc		r9, r9					; r9 has the cf state
+
+		or		r8, r8
+		jz		done
+
+		neg		r9						; setting cf from r9
+		mov		r9, 0					; don't use xor here (cf is used)
+ loop2:
+		mov		rax, qword ptr [rcx + r11 * 8]
+		adc		rax, r9
+		mov		qword ptr [r10 + r11 * 8], rax
+		inc		r11
+		dec		r8
+		jnz		loop2
+
+		adc		r8, r8
+		mov		rax, r8
+		
+		ret
+
+done:
+		mov		rax, r9
+		ret
+
+ttmath_addvector_x64				ENDP
+
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_sbb_x64				PROC
+
+        ; rcx = p1
+        ; rdx = p2
+        ; r8 = nCount
+        ; r9 = nCarry
+
+        xor		rax, rax
+        xor		r11, r11
+        sub		rax, r9				; sets CARRY if r9 != 0
+
+		ALIGN 16
+ loop1:
+		mov		rax,qword ptr [rdx + r11 * 8]
+		sbb		qword ptr [rcx + r11 * 8], rax
+		lea		r11, [r11+1]
+		dec		r8
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		setc	al
+		movzx	rax, al
+
+		ret
+
+ttmath_sbb_x64				ENDP
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_subindexed_x64	PROC
+        ; rcx = p1
+        ; rdx = nSize
+        ; r8 = nPos
+        ; r9 = nValue
+
+		sub		rdx, r8				; rdx = remaining count of uints
+
+		ALIGN 16
+loop1:
+		sub		qword ptr [rcx + r8 * 8], r9
+		jnc		done
+
+		lea		r8, [r8+1]
+		mov		r9, 1
+		dec		rdx
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		mov		rax, 1
+		ret
+
+done:
+		xor		rax, rax
+		ret
+
+ttmath_subindexed_x64	ENDP
+
+
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+;	the same asm code as in addvector_x64 only two instructions 'adc' changed to 'sbb'
+
+ttmath_subvector_x64				PROC
+        ; rcx = ss1
+        ; rdx = ss2
+        ; r8 = ss1_size
+        ; r9 = ss2_size
+        ; [esp+0x28] = result
+
+		mov		r10, [esp+028h]
+		sub		r8, r9
+        xor		r11, r11				; r11=0, cf=0
+
+		ALIGN 16
+ loop1:
+		mov		rax, qword ptr [rcx + r11 * 8]
+		sbb		rax, qword ptr [rdx + r11 * 8]
+		mov		qword ptr [r10 + r11 * 8], rax
+		inc		r11
+		dec		r9
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		adc		r9, r9					; r9 has the cf state
+
+		or		r8, r8
+		jz		done
+
+		neg		r9						; setting cf from r9
+		mov		r9, 0					; don't use xor here (cf is used)
+ loop2:
+		mov		rax, qword ptr [rcx + r11 * 8]
+		sbb		rax, r9
+		mov		qword ptr [r10 + r11 * 8], rax
+		inc		r11
+		dec		r8
+		jnz		loop2
+
+		adc		r8, r8
+		mov		rax, r8
+		
+		ret
+
+done:
+		mov		rax, r9
+		ret
+
+ttmath_subvector_x64				ENDP
+
+
+
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_rcl_x64	PROC
+        ; rcx = p1
+        ; rdx = b
+        ; r8 = nLowestBit
+
+		mov		r11, rcx			; table
+		xor		r10, r10
+		neg		r8					; CY set if r8 <> 0
+
+		ALIGN 16
+loop1:
+		rcl		qword ptr [r11 + r10 * 8], 1
+		lea		r10, [r10+1]
+		dec		rdx
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		setc	al
+		movzx	rax, al
+
+        ret
+
+ttmath_rcl_x64	ENDP
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_rcr_x64	PROC
+        ; rcx = p1
+        ; rdx = nSize
+        ; r8 = nLowestBit
+
+		xor		r10, r10
+		neg		r8					; CY set if r8 <> 0
+
+		ALIGN 16
+loop1:
+		rcr		qword ptr -8[rcx + rdx * 8], 1
+		dec		rdx
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		setc	al
+		movzx	rax, al
+
+        ret
+
+ttmath_rcr_x64	ENDP
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_div_x64	PROC
+
+        ; rcx = &Hi
+        ; rdx = &Lo
+        ; r8 = nDiv
+
+        mov		r11, rcx
+        mov		r10, rdx
+
+        mov		rdx, qword ptr [r11]
+        mov		rax, qword ptr [r10]
+        div		r8
+        mov		qword ptr [r10], rdx ; remainder
+        mov		qword ptr [r11], rax ; value
+
+        ret
+
+ttmath_div_x64	ENDP
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_rcl2_x64	PROC
+        ; rcx = p1
+        ; rdx = nSize
+        ; r8 = bits
+        ; r9 = c
+
+        push	rbx
+
+        mov		r10, rcx	; r10 = p1
+        xor		rax, rax
+
+        mov		rcx, 64
+        sub		rcx, r8
+
+        mov		r11, -1
+        shr		r11, cl		; r11 = mask
+
+		mov		rcx, r8		; rcx = count of bits
+
+		mov		rbx, rax	; rbx = old value = 0
+		or		r9, r9
+		cmovnz	rbx, r11	; if (c) then old value = mask
+
+        mov		r9, rax		; r9 = index (0..nSize-1)
+
+		ALIGN 16
+loop1:
+		rol		qword ptr [r10+r9*8], cl
+		mov		rax, qword ptr [r10+r9*8]
+		and		rax, r11
+		xor		qword ptr [r10+r9*8], rax
+		or		qword ptr [r10+r9*8], rbx
+		mov		rbx, rax
+
+		lea		r9, [r9+1]
+		dec		rdx
+
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		and		rax, 1
+		pop		rbx
+        ret
+
+ttmath_rcl2_x64	ENDP
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+        ALIGN       8
+
+;----------------------------------------
+
+ttmath_rcr2_x64	PROC
+        ; rcx = p1
+        ; rdx = nSize
+        ; r8 = bits
+        ; r9 = c
+
+        push	rbx
+        mov		r10, rcx	; r10 = p1
+        xor		rax, rax
+
+        mov		rcx, 64
+        sub		rcx, r8
+
+        mov		r11, -1
+        shl		r11, cl		; r11 = mask
+
+		mov		rcx, r8		; rcx = count of bits
+
+		mov		rbx, rax	; rbx = old value = 0
+		or		r9, r9
+		cmovnz	rbx, r11	; if (c) then old value = mask
+
+        mov		r9, rdx		; r9 = index (0..nSize-1)
+		lea		r9, [r9-1]
+
+		ALIGN 16
+loop1:
+		ror		qword ptr [r10+r9*8], cl
+		mov		rax, qword ptr [r10+r9*8]
+		and		rax, r11
+		xor		qword ptr [r10+r9*8], rax
+		or		qword ptr [r10+r9*8], rbx
+		mov		rbx, rax
+
+		lea		r9, [r9-1]
+		dec		rdx
+
+		jnz		loop1
+
+		rol		rax, 1
+		and		rax, 1
+		pop		rbx
+
+        ret
+
+ttmath_rcr2_x64	ENDP
+
+END